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Lutetium Telluride
Lutetium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.

Lutetium is the last member of the rare earth series. Lutetium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Unlike most rare earths it lacks a magnetic moment. It also has the smallest metallic radius of any rare earth. It is perhaps the least naturally abundant of the lanthanides. It is the ideal host for x-ray phosphors because it produces the densest known white material, lutetium tantalate (LuTaO4). It is utilized as a dopant in matching lattice parameters of certain substrate garnet crystals, such as indium-gallium-garnet (IGG) crystals due its lack of a magnetic moment.

Lutetium facts, including appearance, CAS #, and molecular formula and safety data, research and properties are

 

  Hydrogen                                 Helium
  Lithium Beryllium                     Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
  Sodium Magnesium                     Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
  Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Hydrogen Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
  Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
  Cesium Barium Cerium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
                                     
      Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium    
      Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawerencium    


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available for many specific states, forms and shapes on the product pages listed to the left. Elemental or metallic forms include pellets, rod, wire and granules for evaporation source material purposes. Nanoparticles and nanopowders provide ultra high surface area which nanotechnology research and recent experiments demonstrate function to create new and unique properties and benefits.

Oxides are available in forms including powders and dense pellets for such uses as optical coating and thin film applications. Oxides tend to be insoluble. Fluorides are another insoluble form for uses in which oxygen is undesirable such as metallurgy, chemical and physical vapor deposition and in some optical coatings. Lutetium is available in soluble forms including chlorides, nitrates and acetates. These compounds are also manufactured as solutions at specified stoichiometries.

Lutetium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The electronic configuration is [Xe]4f155d16s2. In its elemental form lutetium's CAS number is 7439-94-3. The lutetium atom has a radius of 171.8.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Lutetium is the last member of the rare earth series. Lutetium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Unlike most rare earths it lacks a magnetic moment. It also has the smallest metallic radius of any rare earth.

All elemental metals, compounds and solutions may be synthesized in ultra high purity (e.g. 99.999%) for laboratory standards, advanced electronic, metallurgy and optical materials and other high technology advantages. Information is provided for stable (non-radioactive) isotopes. Organo-Metallic Lutetium compounds are soluble in organic or non-aqueous solvents. See Analytical Services for information on available certified chemical and physical analysis techniques including MS-ICP, X-Ray Diffraction, PSD and Surface Area (BET) analysis.

Lutetium was first discovered by George Urbain in 1907.

French lutécium German Lutetium Italian lutezio Portuguese Lutécio Spanish lutecio Swedish Lutetium

Lutetium Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of Lutetium and each of its naturally occurring isotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope.

Isotope
Atomic Mass
% Abundance on Earth
Lu-175
174.941
97.41
Lu-176
175.943
2.59

Lutetium Safety Data. The safety data for Lutetium metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin.

Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for Lutetium (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:

1st Ionization Energy
523.52 kJ mol-1
2nd Ionization Energy
1341.16 kJ mol-1
3rd Ionization Energy
2022.29 kJ mol-1

Conductivity. As to Lutetium's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is 79 µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 1. The thermal conductivity of Lutetium is 16.4 W m-1 K-1.

Thermal Properties of Lutetium. The melting point and boiling point for Lutetium are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.

Heat of Fusion
19.2 kJ mol-1
Heat of Vaporization
428 kJ mol-1
Heat of Atomization
427.37 kJ mol-1



 
Formula Atomic Number Molecular Weight Electronegativity (Pauling) Density Melting Point
Boiling Point
Vanderwaals radius
Ionic radius Energy of first ionization
Lu 71 174.97 g.mol -1 1.2 9.7 g.cm-3 at 20 °C 1663 °C 3395 °C unknown unknown 522.7 kJ.mol-1

PRODUCT CATALOG U.S. Operations Submicron & Nanopowder Tolling Ultra High Purity Sputtering Target Crystal Growth Rod, Plate, Powder, etc. Foil
 
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Recent Research & Development for Lutetium

  • Comparison of four depth-encoding PET detector modules with wavelength shifting (WLS) and optical fiber read-out. Phys Med Biol. 2008 Apr 7;53(7):1829-42. Epub 2008 Mar 10.

  • Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Supported by 1,omega-Dithiaalkanediyl-Bridged Bis(phenolato) Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Heteroselective Ring-Opening Polymerization of rac-Lactide. Inorg Chem. 2008 Mar 4; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Virtual-pinhole PET. J Nucl Med. 2008 Mar;49(3):471-9. Epub 2008 Feb 20.

  • Benefit of time-of-flight in PET: experimental and clinical results. J Nucl Med. 2008 Mar;49(3):462-70. Epub 2008 Feb 20.

  • Target burn-up corrected specific activity of (177)Lu produced via (176)Lu(n, gamma) (177)Lu nuclear reactions. Appl Radiat Isot. 2008 Feb 15; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Production of 177Lu at the new research reactor FRM-II: Irradiation yield of 176Lu(n,gamma)177Lu. Appl Radiat Isot. 2008 Feb;66(2):147-51. Epub 2007 Sep 1.

  • Lutetium(III)-dependent self-assembly study of ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. J Inorg Biochem. 2008 Feb;102(2):268-77. Epub 2007 Sep 7.

  • Rational design and generation of a bimodal bifunctional ligand for antibody-targeted radiation cancer therapy. J Med Chem. 2008 Jan 10;51(1):118-25. Epub 2007 Dec 7.

  • Agonist-antagonist dilemma in molecular imaging: evaluation of a monomolecular multimodal imaging agent for the somatostatin receptor. Bioconjug Chem. 2008 Jan;19(1):192-200. Epub 2007 Nov 20.

  • A feasibility study of a prototype PET insert device to convert a general-purpose animal PET scanner to higher resolution. J Nucl Med. 2008 Jan;49(1):79-87. Epub 2007 Dec 12.

  • Syntheses and structures of mononuclear lutetium imido complexes with very short Lu-N bonds. Chem Commun (Camb). 2007 Dec 21;(47):5007-9. Epub 2007 Sep 27.

  • A comparison between radioimmunotherapy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis of colonic origin in rats. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007 Nov;14(11):3274-82. Epub 2007 Jul 25.

  • Radiolabelling of glucose-Tyr3-octreotate with 125I and analysis of its metabolism in rats: comparison with radiolabelled DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate. Anticancer Res. 2007 Nov-Dec;27(6B):3941-6.

  • Absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow with 13N-ammonia and 3-dimensional PET. J Nucl Med. 2007 Nov;48(11):1783-9. Epub 2007 Oct 17.

  • Syntheses, structures, magnetism, and optical properties of lutetium-based interlanthanide selenides. Inorg Chem. 2007 Oct 29;46(22):9213-20. Epub 2007 Oct 3.

  • C-H activation motivated by N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide within a lutetium complex stabilized by an amino-phosphine ligand. Dalton Trans. 2007 Oct 10;(38):4252-4. Epub 2007 Jul 25.

  • Effects of treatment with (177)Lu-DOTA-Tyr(3)-octreotate on uptake of subsequent injection in carcinoid-bearing nude mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2007 Oct;22(5):644-53.

  • Imaging of weak-source distributions in LSO-based small-animal PET scanners. J Nucl Med. 2007 Oct;48(10):1692-8. Epub 2007 Sep 14.

  • High resolution gamma ray tomography scanner for flow measurement and non-destructive testing applications. Rev Sci Instrum. 2007 Oct;78(10):103704.

  • Lutetium alkyl and hydride complexes in a non-cyclopentadienyl coordination environment. Dalton Trans. 2007 Sep 28;(36):4095-102. Epub 2007 Aug 2.

 

 

 

 

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