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Cesium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
Cesium is a member of the alkali group of metals. It is one of three metals that occur as a liquid at room temperature-the others are mercury and gallium. Cesium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Cesium is used as an oxygen "getter" in vacuum and electronic tubes and as a component of photoelectric cells. Atomic clocks use the microwave spectral line emitted by Cesium Isotope 133 for reference. Cesium chloride is an unproven treatment for cancer. Radioactive Cesium 137 is an artificial isotope produced that is an approved radiation source for cancer radiotherapy. Under pressure, Cesium hydride is stiffer than diamond. Laboratories use various cerium compounds for their ability to hydrogenate organic compounds. Cesium facts, including appearance, CAS #, and molecular formula and safety data, research and properties are
Oxides are available in forms including powders and dense pellets for such uses as optical coating and thin film applications. Oxides tend to be insoluble. Fluorides are another insoluble form for uses in which oxygen is undesirable such as metallurgy, chemical and physical vapor deposition and in some optical coatings. Cesium is available in soluble forms including chlorides, nitrates and acetates. These compounds are also manufactured as solutions at specified stoichiometries. Cesium is a Block S, Group 1, Period 6 element. The electronic configuration is [Xe] 6s1. In its elemental form cesium's CAS number is 7440-46-2. The cesium atom has a radius of 265.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm.All elemental metals, compounds and solutions may be synthesized in ultra high purity (e.g. 99.999%) for laboratory standards, advanced electronic, metallurgy and optical materials and other high technology advantages. Information is provided for stable (non-radioactive) isotopes. Organo-Metallic Cesium compounds are soluble in organic or non-aqueous solvents. See Analytical Services for information on available certified chemical and physical analysis techniques including MS-ICP, X-Ray Diffraction, PSD and Surface Area (BET) analysis. Cesium was first discovered by Fustov Kirchhoff in 1860.
Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of cesium and each of its naturally occurring isotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope. |
césium
Cesium
cesio
Césio 
cesio
CesiumIsotope |
Atomic Mass |
% Abundance on Earth |
Cs-133 |
132.905447 |
100 |
Safety Data. The safety data for cesium metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin.
Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for cesium (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table: |
1st Ionization Energy |
375.71 kJ mol-1 |
2nd Ionization Energy |
2234.37 kJ mol-1 |
3rd Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
Conductivity. As to cesium's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured as to electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is 20 μΩcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 0.79. The thermal conductivity of cesium is 35.9 W m-1 K-1.
Thermal Properties. The melting point and boiling point for cesium are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization. |
Heat of Fusion |
2.09 kJ mol-1 |
Heat of Vaporization |
66.5 kJ mol-1 |
Heat of Atomization |
77.58 kJ mol-1 |
| Formula | Atomic Number | Molecular Weight | Electronegativity (Pauling) | Density | Melting Point | Boiling Point |
Vanderwaals radius |
Ionic radius | Energy of first ionization |
| Cs | 55 | 132.9054 g.mol -1 | 0.7 | 1.9 g.cm-3 at 20 °C | 28.4 °C | 669°C | 200.pm | 0.167 nm (+4); 0.06 nm (+6) | 375.71 kJ.mol-1 |
| PRODUCT CATALOG | U.S. Operations | Submicron & Nanopowder | Tolling | Ultra High Purity | Sputtering Target | Crystal Growth | Rod, Plate, Powder, etc. | Foil |
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