Xenon information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
 Xenon is a Block P, Group 18, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Xenon's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 8 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6. In its elemental form xenon's CAS number is 7440-63-3. The xenon atom has a radius of 216.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 216.pm. Due to their strong oxidizing properties, Xenon compounds are considered to be toxic although xenon itself is not.
Xenon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers in 1898.
xénon |
Xenon |
 xeno |
 Xênon |
 xenón |
xenón |
Xenon Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of xenon and each of its naturally occurring isotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope.
| Isotope |
Atomic Mass |
% Abundance on Earth |
| Xe-124 |
123.905896 |
0.10 |
| Xe-126 |
125.904269 |
0.09 |
| Xe-128 |
127.903530 |
1.91 |
| Xe-129 |
128.9047794 |
26.4 |
| Xe-130 |
129.903508 |
4.1 |
| Xe-131 |
130.905082 |
21.2 |
| Xe-132 |
131.904154 |
26.9 |
| Xe-134 |
133.9053945 |
10.4 |
| Xe-136 |
135.907220 |
8.9 |
The following table shows the abundance of Rubidium present in the human body and in the universe scaled to parts per billion (ppb) by weight and by atom:
| |
Typical Human Body |
Universe |
| by Weight |
no data |
10 ppb |
| by Atom |
no data |
0.09 ppb |
Xenon Safety Data. The safety data for xenon metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin. Xenon compounds have no biological role.
Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for xenon (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:
| 1st Ionization Energy |
1170.36 kJ mol-1 |
| 2nd Ionization Energy |
2046.45 kJ mol-1 |
| 3rd Ionization Energy |
3099.42 kJ mol-1 |
Conductivity. As to xenon's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is - µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 2.6. The thermal conductivity of xenon is 0.0056 W m-1 K-1.
Thermal Properties of Xenon. The melting point and boiling point for xenon are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.
| Heat of Fusion |
3.1 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Vaporization |
12.65 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Atomization |
0 kJ mol-1 |
Recent Research & Development for Xenon
Assessment of density functional theory for bonds formed between rare gases and open-shell atoms: a computational study of small molecules containing He, Ar, Kr and Xe.
Bertolus M, Major M, Brenner V.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Nov 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22086328
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
THERMAL DEFORMATION OF CHANDELIER ENDOILLUMINATION PROBES EXPOSED TO UVEAL TISSUE AND BLOOD.
Mathias M, Ernst BJ, Pichi F, Torrazza C, Ciardella A, Oliver SC.
Retina. 2011 Nov 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22080910
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Xenon pretreatment may prevent early memory decline after isoflurane anesthesia and surgery in mice.
Vizcaychipi MP, Lloyd DG, Wan Y, Palazzo MG, Maze M, Ma D.
PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e26394. Epub 2011 Nov 3.
PMID:
22073162
[PubMed - in process]
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Safety and Tolerability of Hyperpolarized 129Xe MR Imaging in Healthy Volunteers and Patients.
Driehuys B, Martinez-Jimenez S, Cleveland ZI, Metz GM, Beaver DM, Nouls JC, Kaushik SS, Firszt R, Willis C, Kelly KT, Wolber J, Kraft M, McAdams HP.
Radiology. 2011 Nov 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22056683
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A magnetically driven piston pump for ultra-clean applications.
Leport F, Neilson R, Barbeau PS, Barry K, Bartoszek L, Counts I, Davis J, Devoe R, Dolinski MJ, Gratta G, Green M, Di´ez MM, Mu¨ller AR, O'Sullivan K, Rivas A, Twelker K, Aharmim B, Auger M, Belov V, Benitez-Medina C, Breidenbach M, Burenkov A, Cleveland B, Conley R, Cook J, Cook S, Craddock W, Daniels T, Dixit M, Dobi A, Donato K, Fairbank W, Farine J, Fierlinger P, Franco D, Giroux G, Gornea R, Graham K, Green C, Ha¨gemann C, Hall C, Hall K, Hallman D, Hargrove C, Herrin S, Hughes M, Hodgson J, Juget F, Kaufman LJ, Karelin A, Ku J, Kuchenkov A, Kumar K, Leonard DS, Lutter G, Mackay D, Maclellan R, Marino M, Mong B, Morgan P, Odian A, Piepke A, Pocar A, Prescott CY, Pushkin K, Rollin E, Rowson PC, Schmoll B, Sinclair D, Skarpaas K, Slutsky S, Stekhanov V, Strickland V, Swift M, Vuilleumier JL, Vuilleumier JM, Wichoski U, Wodin J, Yang L, Yen YR.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Oct;82(10):105114.
PMID:
22047336
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Fully automated spatially resolved reflectance spectrometer for the determination of the absorption and scattering in turbid media.
Foschum F, Ja¨ger M, Kienle A.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Oct;82(10):103104.
PMID:
22047277
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Treatment of Na(v)1.7-mediated pain in inherited erythromelalgia using a novel sodium channel blocker.
Goldberg YP, Price N, Namdari R, Cohen CJ, Lamers MH, Winters C, Price J, Young CE, Verschoof H, Sherrington R, Pimstone SN, Hayden MR.
Pain. 2011 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22035805
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Anions of xenon clusters bound by long-range electron correlations.
Bezchastnov VG, Vysotskiy VP, Cederbaum LS.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Sep 23;107(13):133401. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
PMID:
22026850
[PubMed - in process]
Dark Matter Results from 100 Live Days of XENON100 Data.
Aprile E, Arisaka K, Arneodo F, Askin A, Baudis L, Behrens A, Bokeloh K, Brown E, Bruch T, Bruno G, Cardoso JM, Chen WT, Choi B, Cline D, Duchovni E, Fattori S, Ferella AD, Gao F, Giboni KL, Gross E, Kish A, Lam CW, Lamblin J, Lang RF, Levy C, Lim KE, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lopes JA, Lung K, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Mei Y, Melgarejo Fernandez AJ, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orrigo SE, Pantic E, Persiani R, Plante G, Ribeiro AC, Santorelli R, Dos Santos JM, Sartorelli G, Schumann M, Selvi M, Shagin P, Simgen H, Teymourian A, Thers D, Vitells O, Wang H, Weber M, Weinheimer C; The XENON100 Collaboration.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Sep 23;107(13):131302. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
PMID:
22026838
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Monitoring atomic cluster expansion by high-harmonic generation.
Strelkov V, Saalmann U, Becker A, Rost JM.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Sep 9;107(11):113901. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
PMID:
22026669
[PubMed - in process]
Imaging of Ventilation with Dual-Energy CT during Breath Hold after Single Vital-Capacity Inspiration of Stable Xenon.
Honda N, Osada H, Watanabe W, Nakayama M, Nishimura K, Krauss B, Otani K.
Radiology. 2011 Oct 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22025733
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Computed Tomographic Imaging of the Airways in COPD and Asthma.
Kauczor HU, Wielpütz MO, Owsijewitsch M, Ley-Zaporozhan J.
J Thorac Imaging. 2011 Nov;26(4):290-300.
PMID:
22009082
[PubMed - in process]
Direct measurement of tissue blood flow and metabolism with diffuse optics.
Mesquita RC, Durduran T, Yu G, Buckley EM, Kim MN, Zhou C, Choe R, Sunar U, Yodh AG.
Philos Transact A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2011 Nov 28;369(1955):4390-406.
PMID:
22006897
[PubMed - in process]
Branched TiO(2) Nanorods for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production.
Cho IS, Chen Z, Forman AJ, Kim DR, Rao PM, Jaramillo TF, Zheng X.
Nano Lett. 2011 Nov 9;11(11):4978-84. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
PMID:
21999403
[PubMed - in process]
Tunnels modulate ligand flux in a heme nitric oxide/oxygen binding (H-NOX) domain.
Winter MB, Herzik MA Jr, Kuriyan J, Marletta MA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Oct 25;108(43):E881-9. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
PMID:
21997213
[PubMed - in process]
Temporal pulse compression in a xenon-filled Kagome-type hollow-core photonic crystal fiber at high average power.
Heckl OH, Saraceno CJ, Baer CR, Südmeyer T, Wang YY, Cheng Y, Benabid F, Keller U.
Opt Express. 2011 Sep 26;19(20):19142-9. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.019142.
PMID:
21996856
[PubMed - in process]
Applying the Z method to estimate temperatures of melting in structure II clathrate hydrates.
Finney AR, Rodger PM.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Nov 28;13(44):19979-87. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
PMID:
21993402
[PubMed - in process]
Correlation between cerebral blood flow and oxygen saturation in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury.
Shafer R, Brown A, Taylor C.
J Neurointerv Surg. 2011 Mar 25. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21990444
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Consciousness lost and found: Subjective experiences in an unresponsive state.
Noreika V, Jylhänkangas L, Móró L, Valli K, Kaskinoro K, Aantaa R, Scheinin H, Revonsuo A.
Brain Cogn. 2011 Oct 8. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21986366
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The dynamics of the microcirculation in the subcutaneous adipose tissue is impaired in the postprandial state in type 2 diabetes.
Tobin L, Simonsen L, Bülow J.
Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2011 Nov;31(6):458-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-097X.2011.01041.x. Epub 2011 Aug 4.
PMID:
21981457
[PubMed - in process]
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