American Elements specializes in producing high purity Shot and irregular shaped Erbium Pieces with
the highest possible density  and smallest possible average grain sizes for use in Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Metallic-Organic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Our standard Pieces sizes average in the range of 3 mm, 4 -5 mm, 100 - 150 mm, 1/8" and 1/4". We can also provide Pieces and Shot outside this range. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. We also produce Erbium as rod, ingot, powder, pellets, disc, granules, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request.
Erbium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The electronic configuration is [Xe]4f126s2. In its elemental form erbium's CAS number is 7440-52-0. The erbium atom has a radius of 173.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Erbium has application in glass coloring, as an amplifier in fiber optics, and in lasers for medical and dental use. Erbium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. The ion has a very narrow absorption band coloring erbium salts pink. It is therefore used in eyeware and decorative glassware. It can neutralize discoloring impurities such as ferric ions and produce a neutral gray shade. It is used in a variety of glass products for this purpose. It is particularly useful as an amplifier for fiber optic data transfer.
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Periodic table of the elements science and academic information, elements and advanced materials data, scientific presentations and all pages, designs, concepts, logos, and color schemes herein are the copyrighted proprietary rights and intellectual property of American Elements. American Elements is a U.S. Registered Trademark. © 2001-2009. American Elements. All rights reserved. |
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Recent Research & Development for Erbium
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Influence of etching time on bond strength in dentin irradiated with erbium lasers.
Ferreira LS, Apel C, Francci C, Simoes A, Eduardo CP, Gutknecht N.
Lasers Med Sci. 2009 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19655225 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- A phase-stabilized carbon nanotube fiber laser frequency comb.
Lim J, Knabe K, Tillman KA, Neely W, Wang Y, Amezcua-Correa R, Couny F, Light PS, Benabid F, Knight JC, Corwin KL, Nicholson JW, Washburn BR.
Opt Express. 2009 Aug 3;17(16):14115-20.
PMID: 19654821 [PubMed - in process]
- Widely tunable multi-wavelength Brillouinerbium fiber laser utilizing low SBS threshold photonic crystal fiber.
Mohd Nasir MN, Yusoff Z, Al-Mansoori MH, Abdul Rashid HA, Choudhury PK.
Opt Express. 2009 Jul 20;17(15):12829-34.
PMID: 19654689 [PubMed - in process]
- Multi-wavelength dissipative soliton operation of an erbium-doped fiber laser.
Zhang H, Tang DY, Wu X, Zhao LM.
Opt Express. 2009 Jul 20;17(15):12692-7.
PMID: 19654674 [PubMed - in process]
- The effect of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser etching on marginal integrity of a resin-based fissure sealant in primary teeth.
Sungurtekin E, Oztas N.
Lasers Med Sci. 2009 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19653059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Determination of the formation constant for the inclusion complex between Lanthanide ions and Dansyl chloride derivative by fluorescence spectroscopy: Theoretical and experimental investigation.
Riahi S, Ganjali MR, Hariri M, Abdolahzadeh S, Norouzi P.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2009 Jun 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19643660 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Evaluation of Effectiveness of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser For Root Canal Disinfection: Theoretical Simulation of Temperature Elevations in Root Dentin.
Zhu L, Tolba M, Arola D, Salloum M, Meza F.
J Biomech Eng. 2009 Jul;131(7):071004.
PMID: 19640129 [PubMed - in process]
- Comparison of a 1,550 nm Erbium:Glass fractional laser and a chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) method in the treatment of acne scars: A simultaneous split-face trial.
Kim HJ, Kim TG, Kwon YS, Park JM, Lee JH.
Lasers Surg Med. 2009 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19639620 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- In vitro investigation of intra-canal dentine-laser beam interaction aspects: I. Evaluation of ablation capability (ablation rate and efficiency).
Minas NH, Meister J, Franzen R, Gutknecht N, Lampert F.
Lasers Med Sci. 2009 Jul 28. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19636663 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Er:Yag Laser application on titanium implant surfaces contaminated by Porphyromonas gingivalis: an histomorphometric evaluation.
Quaranta A, Maida C, Scrascia A, Campus G, Quaranta M.
Minerva Stomatol. 2009 Jul-Aug;58(7-8):317-30.
PMID: 19633633 [PubMed - in process]
- Homo- and Heterodinuclear Helicates of Lanthanide(III), Zinc(II) and Aluminium(III) Based on 8-Hydroxyquinoline Ligands.
Albrecht M, Osetska O, Bünzli JC, Gumy F, Fröhlich R.
Chemistry. 2009 Jul 20. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19621398 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Combined fractional laser treatment with 1550-nm erbium glass and 10 600-nm carbon dioxide lasers.
Cho SB, Lee SJ, Kang JM, Kim YK, Oh SH.
J Dermatolog Treat. 2009 Jan 1:1-3. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
PMID: 19603309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- A three-dimensional evaluation of microleakage of class V cavities prepared by the very short pulse mode of the erbium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser.
Krmek SJ, Bogdan I, Simeon P, Mehicic GP, Katanec D, Anic I.
Lasers Med Sci. 2009 Jul 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19593602 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
- Role of laser therapy in pediatric patients.
Burns AJ, Navarro JA.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Jul;124(1 Suppl):82e-92e.
PMID: 19568142 [PubMed - in process]
- Enhancement of bonding to enamel and dentin prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laser.
Obeidi A, McCracken MS, Liu PR, Litaker MS, Beck P, Rahemtulla F.
Lasers Surg Med. 2009 Aug;41(6):454-62.
PMID: 19588530 [PubMed - in process]
Related Articles
16: Frequency-switchable microwave generation based on a dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser incorporating a high-finesse ring filter.
Pan S, Yao J.
Opt Express. 2009 Jul 6;17(14):12167-73.
PMID: 19582131 [PubMed - in process]
- Influence of energy-transfer-upconversion on threshold pump power in quasi-three-level solid-state lasers.
Kim JW, Mackenzie JI, Clarkson WA.
Opt Express. 2009 Jul 6;17(14):11935-43.
PMID: 19582108 [PubMed - in process]
- Investigation on the effect of EDFA location in ring cavity Brillouin-Erbium fiber laser.
Hambali NA, Mahdi MA, Al-Mansoori MH, Abas AF, Saripan MI.
Opt Express. 2009 Jul 6;17(14):11768-75.
PMID: 19582091 [PubMed - in process]
- Dissipative solitons in a passively mode-locked Er-doped fiber with strong normal dispersion.
Cabasse A, Ortaç B, Martel G, Hideur A, Limpert J.
Opt Express. 2008 Nov 10;16(23):19322-9.
PMID: 19582026 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Scaling of passively mode-locked soliton erbium waveguide lasers based on slow saturable absorbers.
Pudo D, Byun H, Chen J, Sickler J, Kärtner FX, Ippen EP.
Opt Express. 2008 Nov 10;16(23):19221-31.
PMID: 19582014 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Material Safety Data Sheet |
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1 Identification of substance
- Product details
- Trade name Erbium metal
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2 Composition/Data on components:
- Chemical characterization:
Designation: (CAS#)
Erbium (CAS# 7440-52-0), 100%
- Identification number(s):
- EINECS Number: 231-160-1
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3 Hazards identification
- Hazard designation: F Highly flammable
- Information pertaining to particular dangers for man and environment
R 11 Highly flammable.
R 15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
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4 First aid measures
- After inhalation
Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm. Consult doctor if symptoms persist.
Seek immediate medical advice.
- After skin contact
Instantly wash with water and soap and rinse thoroughly.
Seek immediate medical advice.
- After eye contact
Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. Then consult doctor.
- After swallowing Seek immediate medical advice.
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5 Fire fighting measures
- Suitable extinguishing agents Extinguishing powder. Do not use water.
- For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents
Water.
Halocarbon extinguisher
- Special hazards caused by the material, its products of combustion or
flue gases:
Contact with water releases hydrogen (explosive).
- Protective equipment:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
Wear full protective suit.
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6 Accidental release measures
- Person-related safety precautions:
Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.
Ensure adequate ventilation
Keep away from ignition sources
- Measures for environmental protection:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
- Measures for cleaning/collecting:
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Do not flush with water or aqueous cleansing agents
Keep away from ignition sources.
- Additional information:
See Section 7 for information on safe handling
See section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
See Section 13 for information on disposal.
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7 Handling and storage
- Handling
- Information for safe handling:
Keep containers tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
Ensure good ventilation/exhaustion at the workplace.
Open and handle container with care.
- Information about protection against explosions and fires:
Keep ignition sources away - Do not smoke.
Protect against electrostatic charges.
Fumes can combine with air to form an explosive mixture.
- Storage
- Requirements to be met by storerooms and containers:
Store in cool location.
- Information about storage in one common storage facility:
Store away from water.
Do not store together with oxidizing and acidic materials.
Store away from halogens.
- Further information about storage conditions:
Store in petroleum or under dry argon.
Protect from humidity and keep away from water.
Keep container tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.
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8 Exposure controls and personal protection
- Additional information about design of technical systems:
Properly operating chemical fume hood designed for hazardous chemicals and having an average face velocity of at least 100 feet per minute.
- Components with critical values that require monitoring at the
workplace:
Not required.
- Additional information: No data
- Personal protective equipment
- General protective and hygienic measures
The usual precautionary measures should be adhered to in handling the chemicals.
Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and food.
Instantly remove any soiled and impregnated garments.
Wash hands during breaks and at the end of the work.
- Breathing equipment: Use breathing protection with high concentrations.
- Protection of hands: Impervious gloves
- Eye protection:
Safety glasses
Full face protection
Face protection
- Body protection: Protective work clothing.
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9 Physical and chemical properties:
- General Information
- Form: Solid.
- Colour: Silver-coloured
- Smell: Odourless
- Value/Range Unit Method
- Change in condition
- Melting point/Melting range: 1529 ° C
- Boiling point/Boiling range: 2900 ° C
- Sublimation temperature / start: Not determined
- Flash point: Not applicable
- Inflammability (solid, gaseous) Highly flammable.
Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
- Ignition temperature: Not determined
- Decomposition temperature: Not determined
- Critical values for explosion:
- Lower: Not determined
- Upper: Not determined
- Steam pressure: Not determined
- Density at 20 ° C 9.05 g/cm³
- Solubility in / Miscibility with
- Water: Not determined
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10 Stability and reactivity
- Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
No decomposition if used and stored according to specifications.
- Materials to be avoided:
Oxidizing agents
Water/moisture
Acids
Halogens
Air
- Dangerous reactions: Contact with water releases flammable gases
- Dangerous products of decomposition: Hydrogen
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11 Toxicological information
- Acute toxicity:
- Primary irritant effect:
- on the skin: Irritant for skin and mucous membranes.
- on the eye: Irritant effect.
- Sensitization: No sensitizing effect known.
- Additional toxicological information:
To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.
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12 Ecological information:
- General notes:
Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities of it to reach ground water, water bodies or sewage system.
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13 Disposal considerations
- Product:
- Recommendation
Consult state, local or national regulations for proper disposal.
Hand over to disposers of hazardous waste.
Must be specially treated under adherence to official regulations.
- Uncleaned packagings:
- Recommendation:
Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
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14 Transport information
- Land transport ADR/RID and GGVS/GGVE (cross-border/domestic)
- ADR/RID-GGVS/E Class: 4.1 (F3) Flammable solids.
- Kemler Number: 40
- UN-Number: 3178
- Packaging group: II
- Label 4.1
- Designation of goods: 3178 FLAMMABLE SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S.
(erbium)
- Maritime transport IMDG/GGVSea:
- IMDG/GGVSea Class: 4.1
- UN Number: 3178
- Label 4.1
- Packaging group: II
- Correct technical name: FLAMMABLE SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (erbium)
- Air transport ICAO-TI and IATA-DGR:
- ICAO/IATA Class: 4.1
- UN/ID Number: 3178
- Label 4.1
- Packaging group: II
- Correct technical name: FLAMMABLE SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (erbium)
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15 Regulatory information
- Designation according to EC guidelines:
- Code letter and hazard designation of product: F Highly flammable
- Risk phrases:
11 Highly flammable.
15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
- National regulations
- Information about limitation of use:
For use only by technically qualified individuals.
Employment restrictions concerning young persons must be observed.
- Water hazard class:
Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
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16 Other information:
Employers should use this information only as a supplement to other information gathered by them, and should make independent judgement of suitability of this information to ensure proper use and protect the health and safety of employees. This information is furnished without warranty, and any use of the product not in conformance with this Material Safety Data Sheet, or in combination with any other product or process, is the responsibility of the user.
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