Bromate inhibition by reduced graphene oxide in thermal/PMS process.

Title Bromate inhibition by reduced graphene oxide in thermal/PMS process.
Authors X. Huang; X. Zhou; J. Zhou; Z. Huang; S. Liu; G. Qian; N. Gao
Journal Water Res
DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.041
Abstract

Bromate (BrO3-), as a contaminant producing from bromide (Br-) oxidation, has been revealed for generation in sulfate radical involved processes. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was firstly applied to inhibit the formation of BrO3- in thermally activated peroxymonosulfate (thermal/PMS) treatment. In the presence of 5-35 mg/L rGO, the decomposition rate of PMS was slightly increased from 0.0162 ± 0.0013 min-1 to 0.0200 ± 0.0010 min-1, corresponding to removal rate of target pollutant increasing from 0.0157 ± 0.0012 min-1 to 0.0204 ± 0.0022 min-1. This suggested the decay of PMS, the concentration and distribution of radicals were not influenced dramatically by the addition of rGO, which was partly supported by the almost unchanged HPLC chromatograms as compared with that in the absence of rGO. However, the produced BrO3- was significantly lowered by 67%-100% with the addition of rGO in a wide range of pH at 5-9 and activation temperature at 60-80 °C. Moreover, a quick reduction of hypobromous acid (HOBr) to Br- was achieved with addition of rGO at room temperature, whilst no abatement of BrO3- and Br- was observed in the same conditions. Therefore, masking HOBr was probably the role of rGO on bromate inhibition in thermal/PMS process. Because HOBr is a requisite intermediate for BrO3-, the inhibition effect of rGO is likely irrelevant of oxidation processes, which was inevitably showed by the good performance of rGO on BrO3- suppress in ozonation. Therefore, the addition of rGO in tens of mg/L is a promising measure to avoid the formation of unwanted bromine species in advanced oxidation processes.

Citation X. Huang; X. Zhou; J. Zhou; Z. Huang; S. Liu; G. Qian; N. Gao.Bromate inhibition by reduced graphene oxide in thermal/PMS process.. Water Res. 2017;122:701707. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.041

Related Elements

Bromine

See more Bromine products. Bromine (atomic symbol: Br, atomic number: 35) is a Block P, Group 17, Period 4 element. Its electron configuration is [Ar]4s23d104p5. The bromine atom has a radius of 102 pm and its Van der Waals radius is 183 pm. In its elemental form, bromine Bromine Bohr Model has a red-brown appearance. Bromine does not occur by itself in nature; it is found as colorless soluble crystalline mineral halide salts. Bromine was discovered and first isolated by Antoine Jérôme Balard and Leopold Gmelin in 1825-1826.

Carbon

See more Carbon products. Carbon (atomic symbol: C, atomic number: 6) is a Block P, Group 14, Period 2 element. Carbon Bohr ModelThe number of electrons in each of Carbon's shells is 2, 4 and its electron configuration is [He]2s2 2p2. In its elemental form, carbon can take various physical forms (known as allotropes) based on the type of bonds between carbon atoms; the most well known allotropes are diamond, graphite, amorphous carbon, glassy carbon, and nanostructured forms such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and nanofibers . Carbon is at the same time one of the softest (as graphite) and hardest (as diamond) materials found in nature. It is the 15th most abundant element in the Earth's crust, and the fourth most abundant element (by mass) in the universe after hydrogen, helium, and oxygen. Carbon was discovered by the Egyptians and Sumerians circa 3750 BC. It was first recognized as an element by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789.

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