Barium Bromide is generally immediately available in most volumes. Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards. Nanoscale (See also Nanotechnology Information and Quantum Dots) elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered. Most metal bromide compounds are water soluble for uses in water treatment, chemical analysis and in ultra high purity for certain crystal growth applications. Bromide in an aqueous solution can be detected by adding carbon disulfide (CS2) and chlorine.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Barium is a Block S, Group 2, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Barium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 6s2. In its elemental form barium's CAS number is 7440-39-3. The barium atom has a radius of 217.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Barium powder can ignite spontaneously in air and when Barium compounds are water or acid soluble, they are very poisonous. Barium sulfate which is used in x-ray imaging, is highly insoluble in water, and consequently completely removed from the digestive tract. Barium is a member of the alkaline-earth metals. It has technical applications in glass, electronics and medicine. It is also used in paints and colorants. Electronic coatings based on barium titanate are essential to cell phones and other microelectronics. It has long been used in medical diagnostic techniques because it makes a good x-ray contrast medium. Barium is a dopant in various fluorescent lamp coating formulas. Barium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties , research , applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy , abundance on Earth , conductivity and thermal properties are included. See Barium research below.
Efficacy and safety of leuprorelin in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (JASMITT study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Katsuno M, Banno H, Suzuki K, Takeuchi Y, Kawashima M, Yabe I, Sasaki H, Aoki M, Morita M, Nakano I, Kanai K, Ito S, Ishikawa K, Mizusawa H, Yamamoto T, Tsuji S, Hasegawa K, Shimohata T, Nishizawa M, Miyajima H, Kanda F, Watanabe Y, Nakashima K, Tsujino A, Yamashita T, Uchino M, Fujimoto Y, Tanaka F, Sobue G; for the Japan SBMA Interventional Trial for TAP-144-SR (JASMITT) study group. Lancet Neurol. 2010 Sep;9(9):875-884. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PubMed PMID: 20691641.
Multiple primary malignant tumors of upper gastrointestinal tract: A novel role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT. Sun L, Wan Y, Lin Q, Sun YH, Zhao L, Luo ZM, Wu H. World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Aug 21;16(31):3964-9. PubMed PMID: 20712059.
Gastrointestinal lymphoma: a spectrum of fluoroscopic and CT findings. Engin G, Korman U. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2010 Aug 20. doi: 10.4261/1305-3825.DIR.3332-10.3. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20725903.
Incomplete reprogramming after fusion of human multipotent stromal cells and bronchial epithelial cells. Curril IM, Koide M, Yang CH, Segal A, Wellman GC, Spees JL. FASEB J. 2010 Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20724526.
Ca2+ - dependent and Na+ - dependent K+ conductances contribute to a slow AHP in thalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons: a novel target for orexin receptors. Zhang L, Kolaj M, Renaud LP. J Neurophysiol. 2010 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20719929.
Synthesis, crystal and electronic structures, and physical properties of caged ternary Cu-rich antimonide: BaCu(7.31(3))Sb5. Zheng WZ, Wang P, Wu LM, Chen L. Inorg Chem. 2010 Aug 16;49(16):7491-6. PubMed PMID: 20690758.
Mechanisms of the relaxant effect of a Danshen and Gegen formulation on rat isolated cerebral basilar artery. Lam FF, Deng SY, Ng ES, Yeung JH, Kwan YW, Lau CB, Koon JC, Zhou L, Zuo Z, Leung PC, Fung KP. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Aug 16. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20723594.
Lateral supragenicular pedicle perforator flap: Clinical results and vascular anatomy. Nguyen AT, Wong C, Mojallal A, Saint-Cyr M. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2010 Aug 15. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20716494.
Ionization Behavior, Stoichiometry of Association, and Accessibility of Functional Groups in the Active Layers of Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Membranes. Coronell O, Gonza´lez MI, Marin~as BJ, Cahill DG. Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20701293.
Does the amount of tagged stool and fluid significantly affect the radiation exposure in low-dose CT colonography performed with an automatic exposure control? Lim HK, Lee KH, Kim SY, Kim KJ, Kim B, Lee H, Park SH, Yanof JH, Hwang SS, Kim YH. Eur Radiol. 2010 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20700594.
Dynamics of highly excited barium atoms deposited on large argon clusters. I. General trends. Masson A, Poisson L, Gaveau MA, Soep B, Mestdagh JM, Mazet V, Spiegelman F. J Chem Phys. 2010 Aug 7;133(5):054307. PubMed PMID: 20707532.
MDCT appearance of the appendix: how does the low-density barium sulfate oral contrast agent affect it? Yaghmai V, Aghaei-Lasboo A, Brandwein WM, Tochetto S, Mafi JN, Miller FH, Nikolaidis P. Emerg Radiol. 2010 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20683631.
Ultraviolet-visible absorption and luminescence properties of quinacridone-barium sulfate solid mixtures. Gentili PL, Clementi C, Romani A. Appl Spectrosc. 2010 Aug;64(8):923-9. PubMed PMID: 20719057.
A 74-year-old woman with Dysphagia: what is your diagnosis by endoscopic and barium swallow finding? Lee JW, Kwon JG, Kim EY, Jung JT, Han J, Kim HG. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2010 Jul;16(3):331-2. Epub 2010 Jul 26. PubMed PMID: 20680175; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2912129.
Is there a proper way to treat shortened oesophagus? About a series of 67 patients. Pirard L, Weerts JM, Buldgen B, Deben L, Dewandre JM, Francart D, Monami B, Markiewicz S, Wahlen C, Jehaes C. Acta Chir Belg. 2010 May-Jun;110(3):275-9. PubMed PMID: 20690507.
The Humanized NOD/SCID Mouse as a Preclinical Model to Study the Fate of Encapsulated Human Islets. Vaithilingam V, Oberholzer J, Guillemin GJ, Tuch BE. Rev Diabet Stud. 2010 Spring;7(1):62-73. Epub 2010 May 10. PubMed PMID: 20703439.
Conventional barium enema in early pregnancy. Han BH, Han JY, Choi JS, Ahn HK, Nava-Ocampo AA. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010;30(6):559-62. PubMed PMID: 20701501.
Screening for Colorectal Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review [Internet]. Whitlock EP, Lin J, Liles E, Beil T, Fu R, O'Connor E, Thompson RN, Cardenas T. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Oct. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=es65v1 PubMed PMID: 20722162.
Screening for Colorectal Cancer in Adults [Internet]. Pignone MP, Rich M, Teutsch S, Berg A, Lohr K. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2002 Jul. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=es7 PubMed PMID: 20722168.
Synthesis of Enol Lactones via Cu(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular O-Vinylation of Carboxylic Acids.
Sun C, Fang Y, Li S, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Zhu S, Li C.
Org Lett. 2010 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19689116 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Formation of ArF from LPdAr(F): Catalytic Conversion of Aryl Triflates to Aryl Fluorides.
Watson DA, Su M, Teverovskiy G, Zhang Y, García-Fortanet J, Kinzel T, Buchwald SL.
Science. 2009 Aug 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19679769 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
(2-Pyridyl)acetone-Promoted Cu-Catalyzed O-Arylation of Phenols with Aryl Iodides, Bromides, and Chlorides.
Zhang Q, Wang D, Wang X, Ding K.
J Org Chem. 2009 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19673481 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Ni-Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling of Nonactivated Alkyl Halides: Orthogonal Functionalization of Alkyl Iodides, Bromides, and Chlorides.
Vechorkin O, Barmaz D, Proust V, Hu X.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Aug 11. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19670863 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Zn-mediated electrochemical allylation of aldehydes in aqueous ammonia.
Huang JM, Dong Y.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2009 Jul 14;(26):3943-5. Epub 2009 May 28.
PMID: 19662260 [PubMed - in process]
Practical Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Diaryl-, Aryl Heteroaryl-, and Diheteroarylmethanols.
Salvi L, Kim JG, Walsh PJ.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19653691 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Direct Palladium-Catalyzed Arylations of Aryl Bromides with 2/9-Substituted Pyrimido[5,4-b]indolizines.
Jiang M, Li T, Meng L, Yang C, Xie Y, Ding J.
J Comb Chem. 2009 Jul 31. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19645499 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Versatile chemoselectivity in Ni-catalyzed multiple bond carbonylations and cyclocarbonylations in CO(2)-expanded liquids.
del Moral D, Banet Osuna AM, Córdoba A, Moretó JM, Veciana J, Ricart S, Ventosa N.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2009 Aug 21;(31):4723-5. Epub 2009 Jun 29.
PMID: 19641822 [PubMed - in process]
Highly Selective Biaryl Cross-Coupling Reactions between Aryl Halides and Aryl Grignard Reagents: A New Catalyst Combination of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel Fluorides.
Hatakeyama T, Hashimoto S, Ishizuka K, Nakamura M.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jul 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19639999 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Hexacationic Dendriphos Ligands in the Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction: Scope and Mechanistic Studies.
Snelders DJ, van Koten G, Klein Gebbink RJ.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jul 29. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19639941 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Can One Predict Changes from S(N)1 to S(N)2 Mechanisms?
Phan TB, Nolte C, Kobayashi S, Ofial AR, Mayr H.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jul 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19634906 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A General Copper-Catalyzed Coupling of Azoles with Vinyl Bromides.
Liao Q, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xi C.
J Org Chem. 2009 Jul 15. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19603753 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Kinetics of Bromine-Magnesium Exchange Reactions in Heteroaryl Bromides.
Shi L, Chu Y, Knochel P, Mayr H.
Org Lett. 2009 Jul 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19601592 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
C5-Modified nucleosides exhibiting anticancer activity.
Lee YS, Park SM, Kim HM, Park SK, Lee K, Lee CW, Kim BH.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Aug 15;19(16):4688-91. Epub 2009 Jun 21.
PMID: 19596579 [PubMed - in process]
Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling of Ammonia with Aryl Chlorides, Bromides, Iodides, and Sulfonates: A General Method for the Preparation of Primary Arylamines.
Vo GD, Hartwig JF.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jul 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19591470 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
New One-Pot Synthesis of (E)-beta-Aryl Vinyl Halides from Styrenes.
Pawluc´ P, Hreczycho G, Szudkowska J, Kubicki M, Marciniec B.
Org Lett. 2009 Jul 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19572730 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
The Scope and Limitation of Nickel-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Bromides from Formamide Derivatives.
Jo Y, Ju J, Choe J, Song KH, Lee S.
J Org Chem. 2009 Jul 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19572571 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electroencephalographic and behavioral convulsant effects of hydrobromide and hydrochloride salts of bupropion in conscious rodents.
Henshall DC, Dürmüller N, White HS, Williams R, Moser P, Dunleavy M, Silverstone PH.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2009;5:189-206. Epub 2009 Apr 8.
PMID: 19557114 [PubMed - in process]
A facile route to C2-substituted imidazolium ionic liquids.
Ennis E, Handy ST.
Molecules. 2009 Jun 19;14(6):2235-45.
PMID: 19553895 [PubMed - in process]
Synthesis of 1,3-amino alcohol derivatives via a silicon-mediated ring-opening of substituted piperidines.
McCall WS, Comins DL.
Org Lett. 2009 Jul 2;11(13):2940-2.
PMID: 19552467 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Barium Bromide is generally immediately available in most volumes. Ultra high purity and high purity compositions improve both optical quality and usefulness as scientific standards. Nanoscale (See also Nanotechnology Information and Quantum Dots) elemental powders and suspensions, as alternative high surface area forms, may be considered. Most metal bromide compounds are water soluble for uses in water treatment, chemical analysis and in ultra high purity for certain crystal growth applications. Bromide in an aqueous solution can be detected by adding carbon disulfide (CS2) and chlorine.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Barium is a Block S, Group 2, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Barium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 6s2. In its elemental form barium's CAS number is 7440-39-3. The barium atom has a radius of 217.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Barium powder can ignite spontaneously in air and when Barium compounds are water or acid soluble, they are very poisonous. Barium sulfate which is used in x-ray imaging, is highly insoluble in water, and consequently completely removed from the digestive tract. Barium is a member of the
alkaline-earth metals. It has technical applications in glass, electronics and medicine. It is also 
used in paints and colorants. Electronic coatings based on barium titanate are essential to cell phones and other microelectronics. It has long been used in medical diagnostic techniques because it makes a good x-ray contrast medium. Barium is a dopant in various fluorescent lamp coating formulas. Barium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties , research , applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy , abundance on Earth , conductivity and thermal properties are included. See Barium research below. 
