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Cobalt Gadolinium Sputtering Target
High Purity Co Gd Sputtering Target
7440-48-4
Product Product Code Order or Specifications
(2N) 99% Cobalt Gadolinium Sputtering Target CO-GD-02-ST Contact American Elements
(3N) 99.9% Cobalt Gadolinium Sputtering Target CO-GD-03-ST Contact American Elements
(4N) 99.99% Cobalt Gadolinium Sputtering Target CO-GD-04-ST Contact American Elements
(5N) 99.999% Cobalt Gadolinium Sputtering Target CO-GD-05-ST Contact American Elements

American Elements specializes in producing high purity Cobalt Gadolinium Sputtering Targets with the highest possible density High Purity (99.99%) Metallic Sputtering Targetand smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) display and optical applications. Our standard Sputtering Targets for thin film are available monoblock or bonded with dimensions and configurations up to 820 mm with hole drill locations and threading, beveling, grooves and backing designed to work with both older sputtering devises as well as the latest process equipment, such as large area coating for solar energy or fuel cells and flip-chip applications. Research sized targets are also produced as well as custom sizes and alloys. All targets are analyzed using best demonstrated techniques including X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry (GDMS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). "Sputtering" allows for thin film deposition of an ultra high purity sputtering metallic or oxide material onto another solid substrate by the controlled removal and conversion of the target material into a directed gaseous/plasma phase through ionic bombardment. We can also provide targets outside this range in addition to just about any size rectangular, annular, or oval target. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. American Elements specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies. American Elements also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles (See also application discussion at Nanotechnology Information and at Quantum Dots) and in the form of solutions and organometallics. We also produce Cobalt as disc, granules, ingot, pellets, pieces, powder, and rod. Other shapes are available by request.

Cobalt(Co) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolCobalt is a Block D, Group 9, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Cobalt's shells is 2, 8, 15, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d7 4s2. In its elemental form cobalt's CAS number is 7440-48-4. The cobalt atom has a radius of 125.3.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Cobalt and its compounds are somewhat toxic by skin contact and moderately toxic by inhalation. Cobalt has a metallic permeability two thirds that of iron. It exists as a mixture of two allotropes over a wide temperature range. The transformation is slow and accounts in part for the wide variation in the physical properties of cobalt. It is alloyed with iron, nickel and other metals to make Alnico, an alloy of unusual magnetic strength with many Cobalt Bohr Modelimportant Elemental Cobaltuses. Samarium-cobalt is one of the highest strength magnet alloys known. Cobalt compounds produce a brilliant and permanent blue color in ceramic glazes, glass, pottery, tiles, and enamels. Co-60 is useful as a gamma ray source. Toxicity of cobalt and its compounds are mild by skin contact and moderate by ingestion. Cobalt is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Cobalt was first discovered by George Brandt in 1737. The origin of the word Cobalt comes from the German word 'Kobalt or Kobold' which translates as "goblin", "elf" or "evil spirit". See Cobalt research below.

Gadolinium(Gd) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolGadolinium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Gadolinium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2. In its elemental form gadolinium's CAS number is 7440-54-2. The gadolinium atom has a radius of 178.7.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Gadolinium is very toxic. Gadolinium is utilized for both its high magnetic moment (7.94µB) and in phosphors and Gadolinium Bohr Modelscintillator material. When complexed with EDTA ligands, it is used as an injectable contrast agent for patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging. Gadolinium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Gadolinium was first discovered by Jean de Marignac in 1880. The element is named after the Finnish chemist and geologist Johan Gadolin. See Gadolinium research below.

Formula CAS No.
Co
Gd		 7440-48-4
7440-54-2
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PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES


Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.

 

 

Show me more forms of Cobalt

Recent Research & Development for Cobalt

  • Tetra-kis(3-cyano-pyridine-?N)bis-(thio-cyanato-?N)cobalt(II) 1,4-dioxane disolvate. Diehr S, Wöhlert S, Boeckmann J, Näther C. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1898. Epub 2011 Nov 30. PMID: 22199656 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Bis(2,4-dioxo-5,5-diphenyl-imidazol-idin-ido-?N)bis-(propane-1,3-diamine-?N,N')cobalt(II). Hu X, Jiang Q, Wang D, Liu H. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1885. Epub 2011 Nov 30. PMID: 22199646 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Poly[aqua-{?(3)-5-[(pyridin-2-ylmeth-yl)amino]-isophthalato-?N,N':O,O:O}cobalt(II)]. Zhu XH, Cheng XC. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1862. Epub 2011 Nov 30. PMID: 22199630 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • catena-Poly[[[cis-aqua-dibromido-cobalt(II)]-?-(pyrazine-2-carb-oxy-lic acid)-?N,O:N] monohydrate]. Dares C, Fournier R, Lever AB. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1798-m1799. Epub 2011 Nov 23. PMID: 22199583 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Poly[di-?(2)-aqua-?(5)-(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ato)-?(3)-(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ato)-cobalt(II)disodium]. Boyko AN, Golenya IA, Izotova YA, Haukka M, Prisyazhnaya EV. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1782-m1783. Epub 2011 Nov 19. PMID: 22199572 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Diaqua-bis-(pyridine-2-sulfonato-?N,O)cobalt(II). Li ZS, Ng SW. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1781. Epub 2011 Nov 19. PMID: 22199571 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Bis[tris-(ethyl-enediamine-?N,N')cobalt(III)] octa-kis-?-(3)-oxido-hexa-deca-?(2)-oxido-tetra-deca-oxido-?(12)-tetra-oxo-silicato-octa-molybdenum(VI)hexa-vanadium(IV,V) hexa-hydrate. Lu YK, Tian MM, Xu SG, Lü RQ, Liu YQ. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1776-m1777. Epub 2011 Nov 19. PMID: 22199568 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Tetra-aqua-bis-(2-{[5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]sulfan-yl}acetato)-cobalt(II) monohydrate. Yang GR, Li GT. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1746-m1747. Epub 2011 Nov 12. PMID: 22199545 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Tetra-aqua-bis-[3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzoato-?N]cobalt(II). Wang HR, Li GT. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1743. Epub 2011 Nov 12. PMID: 22199542 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Poly[[tetra-aqua-(?(4)-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxyl-ato)(?(3)-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxyl-ato)-?(3)-sulfato-?(2)-sulfato-cobalt(II)digadolinium(III)] monohydrate]. Zhu LC. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1741-m1742. Epub 2011 Nov 12. PMID: 22199541 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Hexaaqua-cobalt(II) bis-(5-acetyl-2-hy-droxy-benzoate) dihydrate. Han LJ, Yang SP, Fu LL, Gao HL. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1733. Epub 2011 Nov 9. PMID: 22199535 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Dichlorido[(4E,11E)-5,7,12,14-tetra-benzyl-7,14-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetra-aza-cyclo-tetra-deca-4,11-diene]cobalt(III) perchlorate. Roy TG, Hazari SK, Barua KK, Ng SW, Tiekink ER. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1722-m1723. Epub 2011 Nov 9. PMID: 22199529 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • {1,2-Bis[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-?N)meth-yl]benzene}-dichloridozinc(II). Guzei IA, Spencer LC, Budhai A, Darkwa J. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1715-m1716. Epub 2011 Nov 9. PMID: 22199525 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • catena-Poly[[bis-(2,4-dichloro-benzoato)bis-(methanol-?O)cobalt(II)]-?-4,4'-bipyridine-?N:N']. Hyun MY, Kim PG, Kim C, Kim Y. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1705. Epub 2011 Nov 9. PMID: 22199519 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Bis(pentane-2,4-dionato-?O,O')(1,10-phenanthroline-?N,N')cobalt(II). Perdih F. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1697. Epub 2011 Nov 5. PMID: 22199513 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Diaqua-bis-(dihydrogen 3-aza-niumyl-1-hy-droxy-propyl-idene-1,1-di-phos-phon-ato-?O,O')cobalt(II). Tsaryk NV, Dudko AV, Kozachkova AN, Pekhnyo VI. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1694. Epub 2011 Nov 5. PMID: 22199511 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Tetra-aqua-bis-{3-carb-oxy-5-[(4-carb-oxy-phen-yl)diazen-yl]benzoato-?O}cobalt(II) dihydrate. Bai L, Zhao J. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1689. Epub 2011 Nov 5. PMID: 22199506 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Tetra-aqua-bis-(2-methyl-1H-imidazole-?N)cobalt(II) naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate. Jin Y. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1686. Epub 2011 Nov 5. PMID: 22199503 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Diaqua-bis-(dimethyl sulfoxide-?O)bis(saccharinato-?N)cobalt(II). Potwana FS, Van Zyl WE. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1667-m1668. Epub 2011 Nov 5. PMID: 22199492 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Pulmonary toxicity after exposure to military-relevant heavy metal tungsten alloy particles. Roedel EQ, Cafasso DE, Lee KW, Pierce LM. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22198552 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Recent Research & Development for Gadolinium

  • T(1) assessment of hip joint cartilage following intra-articular gadolinium injection: A pilot study. Bittersohl B, Hosalkar HS, Kim YJ, Werlen S, Trattnig S, Siebenrock KA, Mamisch TC. Magn Reson Med. 2010 Oct;64(4):1200-7. PubMed PMID: 20872764.

  • The time window of MRI of murine atherosclerotic plaques after administration of CB2 receptor targeted micelles: inter-scan variability and relation between plaque signal intensity increase and gadolinium content of inversion recovery prepared versus non-prepared fast spin echo. Te Boekhorst BC, Bovens SM, van de Kolk CW, Cramer MJ, Doevendans PA, Ten Hove M, van der Weerd L, Poelmann R, Strijkers GJ, Pasterkamp G, van Echteld CJ. NMR Biomed. 2010 Oct;23(8):939-51. PubMed PMID: 20878972.

  • Coordination chemistry of amide-functionalised tetraazamacrocycles: structural, relaxometric and cytotoxicity studies. Martinelli J, Balali-Mood B, Panizzo R, Lythgoe MF, White AJ, Ferretti P, Steinke JH, Vilar R. Dalton Trans. 2010 Sep 28. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20877892.

  • Gadolinium released from MR contrast agents is deposited in brain tumors: in situ demonstration using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Xia D, Davis RL, Crawford JA, Abraham JL. Acta Radiol. 2010 Sep 26. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20868305.

  • Midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide: a novel marker of myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Elmas E, Doesch C, Fluechter S, Freundt M, Weiss C, Lang S, Kälsch T, Haghi D, Papassotiriou J, Kunde J, Schoenberg SO, Borggrefe M, Papavassiliu T. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010 Sep 26. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20872251.

  • Translocator Protein PET Imaging for Glial Activation in Multiple Sclerosis. Oh U, Fujita M, Ikonomidou VN, Evangelou IE, Matsuura E, Harberts E, Ohayon J, Pike VW, Zhang Y, Zoghbi SS, Innis RB, Jacobson S. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2010 Sep 25. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20872081.

  • Influence of small caliber coronary arteries on the diagnostic accuracy of adenosine stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Pilz G, Heer T, Graw M, Ali E, Klos M, Scheck R, Zeymer U, Höfling B. Clin Res Cardiol. 2010 Sep 24. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20862587.

  • Reference region-based pharmacokinetic modeling in quantitative dynamic contract-enhanced MRI allows robust treatment monitoring in a rat liver tumor model despite cardiovascular changes. Steingoetter A, Svensson J, Kosanke Y, Botnar RM, Schwaiger M, Rummeny E, Braren R. Magn Reson Med. 2010 Sep 24. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20872863.

  • Comparison of half-dose and full-dose gadolinium MR contrast on the enhancement of bone and soft tissue tumors. Costelloe CM, Murphy WA Jr, Haygood TM, Kumar R, McEnery KW, Stafford RJ, Roy A, Bassett RL Jr, Harrell RK, Madewell JE. Skeletal Radiol. 2010 Sep 24. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20862469.

  • Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MR imaging: Evaluation of biliary and renal excretion in normal and cirrhotic livers. Tamada T, Ito K, Sone T, Kanki A, Sato T, Higashi H. Eur J Radiol. 2010 Sep 23. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20869827.

  • Increases in the number of brain metastases detected at frame-fixed, thin-slice MRI for gamma knife surgery planning. Nagai A, Shibamoto Y, Mori Y, Hashizume C, Hagiwara M, Kobayashi T. Neuro Oncol. 2010 Sep 23. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20864500.

  • BOLD cardiovascular magnetic resonance at 3.0 tesla in myocardial ischemia. Manka R, Paetsch I, Schnackenburg B, Gebker R, Fleck E, Jahnke C. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2010 Sep 22;12(1):54. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20860792.

  • Revisiting an old friend: manganese-based MRI contrast agents. Pan D, Caruthers SD, Senpan A, Schmieder AH, Wickline SA, Lanza GM. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2010 Sep 21. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20860051.

  • Childhood cholesteatoma. Nevoux J, Lenoir M, Roger G, Denoyelle F, Ducou Le Pointe H, Garabédian EN.Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2010 Sep;127(4):143-50. Epub 2010 Aug 11. PubMed PMID: 20860924.

  • Comparison of portal venous and delayed phases of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging study of cirrhotic liver for the detection of contrast washout of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma. Cereser L, Furlan A, Bagatto D, Girometti R, Como G, Avellini C, Orsaria M, Zuiani C, Bazzocchi M. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2010 Sep-Oct;34(5):706-11. PubMed PMID: 20861773.

  • Three-dimensional multiphase time-resolved low-dose contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography using TWIST on a 32-channel coil at 3 T: a quantitative and qualitative comparison of a conventional gadolinium chelate with a high-relaxivity agent. Giesel FL, Runge V, Kirchin M, Mehndiratta A, Gerigk L, Corell B, von Gall C, Kauczor HU, Essig M. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2010 Sep-Oct;34(5):678-83. PubMed PMID: 20861769.

  • [Accessory nerve schwannoma of the intracisternal type: a case report.]. Sadatomo T, Yuki K, Migita K, Hidaka T, Kurisu K. No Shinkei Geka. 2010 Sep;38(9):831-7. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 20864772.

  • Use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate cardiac structure, function and fibrosis in children with infantile Pompe disease on enzyme replacement therapy. Barker PC, Pasquali SK, Darty S, Ing RJ, Li JS, Kim RJ, Dearmey S, Kishnani PS, Campbell MJ. Mol Genet Metab. 2010 Jul 23. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20875764.

  • Differential diagnosis and prognosis of T1-weighted post-gadolinium intralabyrinthine hyperintensities. Dubrulle F, Kohler R, Vincent C, Puech P, Ernst O. Eur Radiol. 2010 Jun 10. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20862477.

 

 

 

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