American Elements Logo and U.S. Registered Trademark


Gadolinium Nanoparticles

Nano Scale (nm) Gd

Product
Product Code
Order or Specifications
99% Gadolinium Nanoparticles
GD-M-01-NP
Contact American Elements
99.9% Gadolinium Nanoparticles
GD-M-03-NP
Contact American Elements
99.99% Gadolinium Nanoparticles
GD-M-04-NP
Contact American Elements
99.999% Gadolinium Nanoparticles
GD-M-05-NP
Contact American Elements
Gadolinium (Gd) Nanoparticles, nanodots or nanopowder are black spherical high surface area particles. Nanoscale Gadolinium Particles are typically 10 - 45 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 30 - 50 m 2 /g range and also available in with an average particle size of 75 - 90 nm range with a specific surface area of approximately 5 - 10 m 2 /g. Nano Gadolinium Particles are also available in passivated and Ultra high purity and high purity and coated and dispersed forms. They are also available as a nanofluid through the AE Nanofluid production group. Nanofluids are generally defined as suspended nanoparticles in solution either using surfactant or surface charge technology. Nanofluid dispersion and coating selection technical guidance is also available. Other nanostructures include nanorods, nanowhiskers, nanohorns, nanopyramids and other nanocomposites. Surface functionalized nanoparticles allow for the particles to be preferentially adsorbed at the surface interface using chemically bound polymers. Development research is underway in Nano Electronics and Photonics materials, such as MEMS and NEMS, Bio Nano Materials, such as Biomarkers, Bio Diagnostics & Bio Sensors, and Related Nano Materials, for use in Polymers, Textiles, Fuel Cell Layers, Composites and Solar Energy materials. Nanopowders are analyzed for chemical composition by ICP, particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction, and for Specific Surface Area (SSA) by BET multi-point correlation techniques. Novel nanotechnology applications also include Quantum Dots. High surface areas can also be achieved using solutions and using thin film by sputtering targets and evaporation technology using pellets, rod and foil. Research into applications for gadolinium nanocrystals has focused on use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by targeting coated gadolinium particles at tumors in an attempt to detect or label early stage cancer, particularly breast cancer, for Neutron Capture Therapy and for MRI Contrast Enhancement, as a dopant in glass and for their potential electrical, dielectric, magnetic, optical, catalytic, biomedical and bioscience properties and for use in coatings, plastics, nanowire, nanofiber and textiles and in alloy and catalyst applications . Gadolinium Nano Particles are generally immediately available in most volumes. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available.

Gadolinium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The electronic configuration is [Xe]4f75d16s2. In its elemental form gadolinium's CAS number is 7440-54-2. The gadolinium atom has a radius of 178.7.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is unknown. Gadolinium is utilized for both its high magnetic moment (7.94µB) and in phosphors and scintillator material. When complexed with EDTA ligands, it is used as an injectable contrast agent for patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging. Gadolinium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder.

Formula CAS No. Appearance Molecular Weight Density Melting Point Boiling Point Solubility Stability
Gd 7440-54-2 Black 157.25 7901 kg/m³ 1312 °C 3250 °C N/A Moderately reactive in air
PRODUCT CATALOG Gadolinium Research, Properties, & Information Submicron & Nanopowder Tolling Ultra High Purity Sputtering Target Crystal Growth Rod, Plate, Powder, etc. MSDS
© 2001-2008. American Elements is a U.S. Registered Trademark. All rights reserved.
This website and all pages, designs, concepts, logos, and color schemes herein are
the copyrighted proprietary rights and intellectual property of American Elements.

 

Recent Research & Development for Nanoparticles

  • Nanoparticles in Medicine: Therapeutic Applications and Developments. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Oct 24; [Epub ahead of print]


  • The formation of nanoscale structures in soluble phosphosilicate glasses for biomedical applications: MD simulations. Faraday Discuss. 2007;136:45-55; discussion 107-23.


  • Microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence: an ultra-fast and sensitive DNA sensing platform. Analyst. 2007 Nov;132(11):1122-9. Epub 2007 Sep 11.


  • Gas sensors based on nanostructured materials. Analyst. 2007 Nov;132(11):1083-1099. Epub 2007 Sep 18.


  • Novel Arylhydrazone-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles with DNA-Cleaving Ability: The First DNA-Nicking Nanomaterial. Bioconjug Chem. 2007 Oct 23; [Epub ahead of print]


  • Stability and Adsorption Properties of Electrostatic Complexes: Design of Hybrid Nanostructures for Coating Applications. Langmuir. 2007 Oct 20; [Epub ahead of print]


  • Use of the Interparticle i-Motif for the Controlled Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles. Langmuir. 2007 Oct 19; [Epub ahead of print]


  • Surface-potential heterogeneity of reacted calcite and rhodochrosite. Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Sep 15;41(18):6491-7.


  • Controlled Bioactive Nanostructures from Self-Assembly of Peptide Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2007 Oct 19; [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.


  • Nanostructure analysis using spatially modulated illumination microscopy. Nat Protoc. 2007;2(10):2640-6.


  • Deposition of controlled thickness ultrathin SnO2:Sb films by spin-coating.
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2006 Dec;6(12):3849-53.


  • Self-assembly of tin oxide nanoparticles: localized percolating network formation in polymer matrix.
    Langmuir. 2006 Oct 24;22(22):9260-3.]


  • Control of the electrical conductivity of composites of antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles and acrylate by grafting of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS).
    J Colloid Interface Sci. 2006 Dec 15;304(2):394-401. Epub 2006 Sep 7.


  • Ultrafast electron transfer between molecule adsorbate and antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles.
    J Phys Chem B Condens Matter Mater Surf Interfaces Biophys. 2005 Apr 21;109(15):7095-102.


  • Nanoscale zinc antimonides: synthesis and phase stability.
    Inorg Chem. 2006 Feb 20;45(4):1693-7.


  • Aqueous latex/ceramic nanoparticle dispersions: colloidal stability and coating properties.
    J Colloid Interface Sci. 2004 Dec 15;280(2):387-99.


  • Nonlinear responses of electronic-excitation-induced phase transformations in GaSb nanoparticles.
    Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Apr 2;92(13):135501. Epub 2004 Mar 29.


  • Surface modification of oxidic nanoparticles using 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
    J Colloid Interface Sci. 2004 Jan 1;269(1):109-16.


  • Sonochemical preparation of GaSb nanoparticles.
    Inorg Chem. 2002 Feb 25;41(4):637-9.


  • Ultrastructural changes in parasites induced by nanoparticle-bound pentamidine in a Leishmania major/mouse model.
    Parasite. 1997 Jun;4(2):133-9.

 

 

Material Safety Data Sheet
  • 1 Identification of substance

    • Product details

    • Trade name Gadolinium Nanoparticles
  • 2 Composition/Data on components:

    • Chemical characterization:
                 Designation: (CAS#)                                        
      Gadolinium (CAS# 7440-54-2), 100%
    • Identification number(s):
    • EINECS Number: 231-160-1
  • 3 Hazards identification

    • Hazard designation: F Highly flammable
    • Information pertaining to particular dangers for man and environment
      R 11 Highly flammable.
      R 15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
  • 4 First aid measures

    • After inhalation
      Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm. Consult doctor if symptoms persist.
      Seek immediate medical advice.
    • After skin contact
      Instantly wash with water and soap and rinse thoroughly.
      Seek immediate medical advice.
    • After eye contact
      Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. Then consult doctor.
    • After swallowing Seek immediate medical advice.
  • 5 Fire fighting measures

    • Suitable extinguishing agents Extinguishing powder. Do not use water.
    • For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents
      Water.
      Halocarbon extinguisher
    • Special hazards caused by the material, its products of combustion or
        flue gases:
      Contact with water releases hydrogen (explosive).
    • Protective equipment:
      Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
      Wear full protective suit.
  • 6 Accidental release measures

    • Person-related safety precautions:
      Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.
      Ensure adequate ventilation
      Keep away from ignition sources
    • Measures for environmental protection:
      Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
    • Measures for cleaning/collecting:
      Ensure adequate ventilation.
      Do not flush with water or aqueous cleansing agents
      Keep away from ignition sources.
    • Additional information:
      See Section 7 for information on safe handling
      See section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
      See Section 13 for information on disposal.
  • 7 Handling and storage


    • Handling
    • Information for safe handling:
      Keep containers tightly sealed.
      Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
      Ensure good ventilation/exhaustion at the workplace.
      Open and handle container with care.
    • Information about protection against explosions and fires:
      Keep ignition sources away - Do not smoke.
      Protect against electrostatic charges.
      Fumes can combine with air to form an explosive mixture.

    • Storage
    • Requirements to be met by storerooms and containers:
      Store in cool location.
    • Information about storage in one common storage facility:
      Store away from water.
      Do not store together with oxidizing and acidic materials.
      Store away from halogens.
    • Further information about storage conditions:
      Store in petroleum or under dry argon.
      Protect from humidity and keep away from water.
      Keep container tightly sealed.
      Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.
  • 8 Exposure controls and personal protection

    • Additional information about design of technical systems:
      Properly operating chemical fume hood designed for hazardous chemicals and having an average face velocity of at least 100 feet per minute.

    • Components with critical values that require monitoring at the
      workplace:                                                             
      Not required.
    • Additional information: No data

    • Personal protective equipment
    • General protective and hygienic measures
      The usual precautionary measures should be adhered to in handling the chemicals.
      Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and food.
      Instantly remove any soiled and impregnated garments.
      Wash hands during breaks and at the end of the work.
    • Breathing equipment: Use breathing protection with high concentrations.
    • Protection of hands: Impervious gloves
    • Eye protection:
      Safety glasses
      Full face protection
      Face protection
    • Body protection: Protective work clothing.
  • 9 Physical and chemical properties:

    • General Information

    • Form: Nanopowder
    • Colour: Black
    • Smell: Odourless
    •   Value/Range  Unit    Method      
    • Change in condition
    • Melting point/Melting range:                  1312 ° C
    • Boiling point/Boiling range:                  3000 ° C
    • Sublimation temperature / start:   Not determined

    • Flash point:                       Not applicable

    • Inflammability (solid, gaseous)    Highly flammable.
      Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.

    • Ignition temperature:              Not determined

    • Decomposition temperature:         Not determined

    • Critical values for explosion:
    • Lower:                             Not determined
    • Upper:                             Not determined

    • Steam pressure:                    Not determined

    • Density                at   20 ° C            7.89 g/cm³

    • Solubility in / Miscibility with
    • Water:                             Not determined
  • 10 Stability and reactivity

    • Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
      No decomposition if used and stored according to specifications.
    • Materials to be avoided:
      Oxidizing agents
      Water/moisture
      Acids
      Halogens
      Air
    • Dangerous reactions: Contact with water releases flammable gases
    • Dangerous products of decomposition: Hydrogen
  • 11 Toxicological information

    • Acute toxicity:
    • Primary irritant effect:
    • on the skin: Irritant for skin and mucous membranes.
    • on the eye: Irritant effect.
    • Sensitization: No sensitizing effect known.
    • Additional toxicological information:
      To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.
      No classification data on carcinogenic properties of this material is available from the EPA, IARC, NTP, OSHA or ACGIH.
  • 12 Ecological information:

    • General notes:
      Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.
      Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
      Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities of it to reach ground water, water bodies or sewage system.
  • 13 Disposal considerations


    • Product:
    • Recommendation
      Consult state, local or national regulations for proper disposal.
      Hand over to disposers of hazardous waste.
      Must be specially treated under adherence to official regulations.

    • Uncleaned packagings:
    • Recommendation:
      Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
  • 14 Transport information


    • Land transport ADR/RID and GGVS/GGVE (cross-border/domestic)
    • ADR/RID-GGVS/E Class:     4.1 (F3) Flammable solids.
    • Kemler Number:            40
    • UN-Number:                3178
    • Packaging group:          III
    • Label                     4.1
    • Designation of goods:     3178 FLAMMABLE SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S.
                                 (gadolinium)

    • Maritime transport IMDG/GGVSea:
    • IMDG/GGVSea Class:        4.1
    • UN Number:                3178
    • Label                     4.1
    • Packaging group:          III
    • Correct technical name:   FLAMMABLE SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S.
                                 (gadolinium)

    • Air transport ICAO-TI and IATA-DGR:
    • ICAO/IATA Class:          4.1
    • UN/ID Number:             3178
    • Label                     4.1
    • Packaging group:          III
    • Correct technical name:   FLAMMABLE SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S.
                                 (gadolinium)
  • 15 Regulatory information


    • Designation according to EC guidelines:

    • Code letter and hazard designation of product: F Highly flammable

    • Risk phrases:
      11 Highly flammable.
      15 Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.

    • National regulations

    • Information about limitation of use:
      For use only by technically qualified individuals.
      Employment restrictions concerning young persons must be observed.

    • Water hazard class:
      Water hazard class 1 (Self-assessment): slightly hazardous for water.
  • 16 Other information:

      Employers should use this information only as a supplement to other information gathered by them, and should make independent judgement of suitability of this information to ensure proper use and protect the health and safety of employees.  This information is furnished without warranty, and any use of the product not in conformance with this Material Safety Data Sheet, or in combination with any other product or process, is the responsibility of the user.
  •  

    American Elements Products can also be sourced at these sites: