Tin Oxide ( SnO) Nanopowder or Nanoparticles, nanodots or nanocrystals are spherical or faceted high surface area oxide magnetic nanostructure particles. Nanoscale Tin Oxide Particles are typically 20-40 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 10 - 80 m 2 /g range and also available in with an average particle size of 100 nm range with a specific surface area of approximately 5 -10 m 2 /g. Nano Tin Oxide Particles are also available in rutile, ultra high purity and high purity, transparent, and coated and dispersed forms. They are also available as a nanofluid through the AE Nanofluid production group. Nanofluids are generally defined as suspended nanoparticles in solution either using surfactant or surface charge technology. Nanofluid dispersion and coating selection technical guidance is also available. Other nanostructures include nanorods, nanowhiskers, nanohorns, nanopyramids and other nanocomposites. Surface functionalized nanoparticles allow for the particles to be preferentially adsorbed at the surface interface using chemically bound polymers. Development research is underway in Nano Electronics and Photonics materials, such as MEMS and NEMS, Bio Nano Materials, such as Biomarkers, Bio Diagnostics & Bio Sensors, and Related Nano Materials, for use in Polymers, Textiles, Fuel Cell Layers, Composites and Solar Energy materials. Nanopowders are analyzed for chemical composition by ICP, particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction, and for Specific Surface Area (SSA) by BET multi-point correlation techniques. Novel nanotechnology applications also include Quantum Dots. High surface areas can also be achieved using solutions and using thin film by sputtering targets and evaporation technology using pellets, rod and foil. Applications for Tin Oxide Nanocrystals include in magnetic resonance, as Magnetic Nanoparticles, and for magnetic data storage and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and for its optical properties. Tin Oxide Nano Particles are generally immediately available in most volumes. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available.
Tin is a Block P, Group 14, Period 5 element. The electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2. In its elemental form tin's CAS number is 7440-31-5. The tin atom has a radius of 140.5.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 217.pm. Tin compounds sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings. These have been used for panel lighting and for frost-free windshields. Most window glass is now made by floating molten glass on molten tin (float glass) to produce a flat surface. Crystalline tin-niobium alloy is superconductive at very low temperatures. This promises to be important in the construction of superconductive magnets that generate enormous field strengths but use practically no power. Tin is the basis for many eutectic alloys and the discovery by early man that copper could be better formed and crafted if tin were added producing the first bronze and launching what we refer to as the "Bronze Age" and the first Neolithic metal tools, cooking utensils, and jewelry produced from rudimentary bronze. An important tin compound is the chloride, which is used as a reducing agent and as a mordant in calico printing.
Tin is also used in various metal alloys (See
AE Alloys).