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Copper Chromium Alloy
Cu Cr Alloy
Product Product Code Order or Specifications
Cu-99% Cr-1% CU-CR-01-P.01CR Contact American Elements
Copper Chromium is one of numerous metal alloys sold by American Elements under the tradename AE Alloys™. Generally immediately available in most volumes, AE Alloys™ are available as bar, Ingot, ribbon, wire, shot, sheet, and foil. Ultra high purity and high purity forms also include metal powder, submicron powder and nanoscale, targets for thin film deposition, and pellets for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) applications.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Primary applications include bearing assembly, ballast, casting, step soldering, and radiation shielding.

Copper(Cu) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolCopper is a Block D, Group 11, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Copper's shells is 2, 8, 18, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s1. In its elemental form copper's CAS number is 7440-50-8. The copper atom has a radius of 127.8 .pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 140.pm. Copper is an essential trace element in animals and plants, but in excess copper is toxic. Due to its high electrical conductivity, large amounts of copper are used by the electrical industry for wire. Of all pure metals, only silver has a higher electrical conductivity. Copper is also resistant to corrosion caused by moisture, making it a widely used material in pipes, coins, and jewelry. Copper is often too soft for its applications, so it is incorporated in numerous alloys. For example, brass is a copper-zinc alloy, and bronze is a copper-tin alloy. Copper sulfate (CuSO 4·H2O), also known as blue vitrol, is the most well-known Elemental Coppercopper compound. It is used as Copper Bohr Modelan agricultural poison, an algicide, and as a pigment for inks. Cuprous chloride (CuCl) is a powder used to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2). Copper cyanide (CuCN) is often used in electroplating applications. Copper is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Copper was first discovered by Early Man. The origin of the word copper comes from the Latin word 'cuprium' which translates as "metal of Cyprus". Cyprus, a Mediterranean island, was known as an ancient source of mined copper. See Copper research below.

Chromium(Cr) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbolChromium is a Block D, Group 6, Period 4 element. The number of electrons in each of Chromium's shells is 2, 8, 13, 1 and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d5 4s1. In its elemental form chromium's CAS number is 7440-47-3. The chromium atom has a radius of 124.9.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Hexavalent chromium is toxic. Chromium is highly resistant to corrosion. This has led to its use in numerous alloying and steel producing applications. When chromium is added to glass or ceramic glazes, it produces a brilliant green. Chromium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. It is also used as a paint pigment for this purpose.Although chromium metal is an essential trace element, hexavalent Elemental Chromiumchromium (Cr(VI)) is especially toxic and carcinogenic. Recently, chromites have formed the basis for cathode compositions Chromium Bohr Modelfor oxygen generation and fuel cell applications. Chromium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed here. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included. Chromium was first discovered by Anders Ekeberg in 1802. Due to its various colorful compounds, Chromium was named after the Greek word 'chroma' meaning color. See Chromium research below. Due to its various colorful compounds, Chromium was named after the Greek word 'chroma' meaning color. See Chromium research below.
Formula CAS No.
Cu
Cr		 7440-50-8
7440-47-3
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Recent Research & Development for Copper

  • Booster biocides and microfouling. Fay F, Linossier I, Carteau D, Dheilly A, Silkina A, Vallee-Rehel K. Biofouling. 2010 Oct;26(7):787-98. PubMed PMID: 20824571.

  • Label-Free Detection of Lectins on Carbohydrate-Modified Boron-Doped Diamond Surfaces. Szunerits S, Niedzio?lka-Jo?nsson J, Boukherroub R, Woisel P, Baumann JS, Siriwardena A. Anal Chem. 2010 Sep 9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20828205.

  • Conserved and novel functions for Arabidopsis MIA40 in assembly of proteins in mitochondria and peroxisomes. Carrie C, Giraud E, Duncan O, Xu L, Wang Y, Huang S, Clifton R, Murcha M, Filipovska A, Rackham O, Vrielink A, Whelan J. J Biol Chem. 2010 Sep 9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20829360.

  • Metomyl Degradation by Electro-Fenton and Electro-Fenton-Like Processes: A Kinetics Study of the Effect of the Nature and Concentration of Some Transition Metal Ions As Catalyst. Oturan N, Zhou M, Oturan MA. J Phys Chem A. 2010 Sep 9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20828190.

  • Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of ?-Amino Imides from Tertiary Amines: Ugi-Type Three-Component Assemblies Involving Direct Functionalization of sp(3) C-Hs Adjacent to Nitrogen Atoms. Ye X, Xie C, Pan Y, Han L, Xie T. Org Lett. 2010 Sep 9. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20828188.

  • Asymmetric Diels-Alder and Inverse-Electron-Demand Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions of ?,?-Unsaturated ?-Ketoesters with Cyclopentadiene Catalyzed by N,N'-Dioxide Copper(II) Complex. Zhu Y, Chen X, Xie M, Dong S, Qiao Z, Lin L, Liu X, Feng X. Chemistry. 2010 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20827702.

  • Prevalence of heavy metal resistance in bacteria isolated from tannery effluents and affected soil. Alam MZ, Ahmad S, Malik A. Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20824329.

  • Pyridine Activation via Copper(I)-Catalyzed Annulation toward Indolizines. Barluenga J, Lonzi G, Riesgo L, Lo?pez LA, Toma?s M. J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20825189.

    Reactive Adsorption of Ammonia on Cu-Based MOF/Graphene Composites. Petit C, Mendoza B, Bandosz TJ. Langmuir. 2010 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20825199.

  • Preparation and characterisation of divalent hard and soft metal (M = Ca, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb) complexes of 1,10-dithia-18-crown-6: structural versatility. Park IH, Park KM, Lee SS. Dalton Trans. 2010 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20830403.

  • Polynuclear complexes of macrocyclic oxamide with 5-sulfosalicylate: syntheses, crystal structures and magnetic properties. Sun YQ, Fan LL, Gao DZ, Wang QL, Du M, Liao DZ, Zhang CX. Dalton Trans. 2010 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20830390.

  • Effects of feeding urea and copper sulphate in different combinations on live body weight, carcass weight, percent weight to body weight of different organs and histopathological tissue changes in broilers. Shahzad MN, Javed MT, Shabir S, Irfan M, Hussain R. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20829007.

  • Automatic trace metal monitoring station use for early warning and short term events in polluted rivers: application to streams loaded by mining tailing. Lourino-Cabana B, Iftekhar S, Billon G, Mikkelsen O, Ouddane B. J Environ Monit. 2010 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20830408.

  • The cellular redox state as a modulator in cadmium and copper responses in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Cuypers A, Karen S, Jos R, Kelly O, Els K, Tony R, Nele H, Nathalie V, Suzy VS, Frank VB, Yves G, Jan C, Jaco V. J Plant Physiol. 2010 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20828869.

  • Copper tolerance and response of antioxidative enzymes in axenically grown Brassica juncea (L.) plants. Singh S, Singh S, Ramachandran V, Eapen S. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2010 Sep 6. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20825988.

  • Comparative analysis of plasmids in the genus listeria. Kuenne C, Voget S, Pischimarov J, Oehm S, Goesmann A, Daniel R, Hain T, Chakraborty T. PLoS One. 2010 Sep 2;5(9). pii: e12511. PubMed PMID: 20824078; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2932693.

  • Changes in the Daphnia magna midgut upon ingestion of copper oxide nanoparticles: A transmission electron microscopy study. Heinlaan M, Kahru A, Kasemets K, Arbeille B, Prensier G, Dubourguier HC. Water Res. 2010 Aug 21. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 20828783.

  • Emergency contraception: past, present and future. Cremer M, Masch R. Minerva Ginecol. 2010 Aug;62(4):361-71. PubMed PMID: 20827252.

  • [Study on the in-depth composition of beads formed by fuse breaking of electric wire at different oxygen concentrations by Auger electron spectroscopy]. Gao W, Wu Y, Liu SJ, Wang LT. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2010 Jul;30(7):2003-5. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 20828019.

  • Screening metagenomic libraries for laccase activities. Ferrer M, Beloqui A, Golyshin PN. Methods Mol Biol. 2010;668:189-202. PubMed PMID: 20830565.
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Recent Research & Development for Chromium

  • trans-Tetra-carbonyl-bis-[tris-(3-fluoro-phen-yl)phosphane]chromium(0). Norlidah MN, Yazid MY, Shawkataly OB, Rosli MM, Fun HK. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):m1652-m1653. Epub 2011 Nov 2. PMID: 22199480 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Preparation and characterization of La(III) encapsulated silica gel/chitosan composite and its metal uptake studies. Gandhi MR, Meenakshi S. J Hazard Mater. 2011 Nov 28. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22197561 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Electro-migration of heavy metals in an aged electroplating contaminated soil affected by the coexisting hexavalent chromium. Zhang W, Zhuang L, Tong L, Lo IM, Qiu R. Chemosphere. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22197017 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Angular momentum conservation in dipolar energy transfer. Guo D, Knight TE, McCusker JK. Science. 2011 Dec 23;334(6063):1684-7. PMID: 22194572 [PubMed - in process]

  • Selected Trace Elements in the Sacramento River, California: Occurrence and Distribution. Taylor HE, Antweiler RC, Roth DA, Alpers CN, Dileanis P. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Dec 23. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22193863 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Chromium and genomic stability. Wise SS, Wise JP Sr. Mutat Res. 2011 Dec 13. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22192535 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • A Theoretical Evaluation of Ethylene Insertion into Chromium Alkyl Bonds of Cp-Donor based Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Xu R, Klatt G, Enders M, Koeppel H. J Phys Chem A. 2011 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22191673 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by modified corn stalk: A fixed-bed column study. Chen S, Yue Q, Gao B, Li Q, Xu X, Fu K. Bioresour Technol. 2011 Dec 3. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22189077 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant and Toxic-Metal Tolerant Enterococci in Fresh Feces from Urban Pigeons in Brazil. da Silva VL, Caçador NC, da Silva CD, Fontes CO, Garcia GD, Nicoli JR, Diniz CG. Microbes Environ. 2011 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22188908 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Revision of a tibial baseplate using a customized oxinium component in a case of suspected metal allergy. A case report. Van Opstal N, Verheyden F. Acta Orthop Belg. 2011 Oct;77(5):691-5. PMID: 22187849 [PubMed - in process]

  • Retention Strength of Cobalt-Chromium vs Nickel-Chromium Titanium vs CP Titanium in a Cast Framework Association of Removable Partial Overdenture. Souza JE, Silva NR, Coelho PG, Zavanelli AC, Ferracioli RC, Zavanelli RA. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2011 May 1;12(3):179-86. PMID: 22186813 [PubMed - in process]

  • Metal analysis, phytotoxic, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of selected medicinal plants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Khuda F, Iqbal Z, Zakiullah -, Khan A, Nasir F, Muhammad N, Khan JA, Khan MS. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2012 Jan;25(1):51-58. PMID: 22186309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Correlation between metal allergy and treatment outcomes after ankle fracture fixation. So S, Harris IA, Naylor JM, Adie S, Mittal R. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2011 Dec;19(3):309-13. PMID: 22184160 [PubMed - in process]

  • Enhancement of the acute phase response to a lipopolysaccharide challenge in steers supplemented with chromium. Burdick NC, Bernhard BC, Carroll JA, Rathmann RJ, Johnson BJ. Innate Immun. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22180563 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Identification and hexavalent chromium reduction characteristics of Pannonibacter phragmitetus. Shi Y, Chai L, Yang Z, Jing Q, Chen R, Chen Y. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2011 Dec 18. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22179413 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Exposure to particulate hexavalent chromium exacerbates allergic asthma pathology. Schneider BC, Constant SL, Patierno SR, Jurjus RA, Ceryak SM. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 Dec 9. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22178736 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Circulating levels of metals are related to carotid atherosclerosis in elderly. Lind PM, Olsén L, Lind L. Sci Total Environ. 2011 Dec 15. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22178028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Highly active nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-Fe(3)O(4) nanocomposites for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions. Lv X, Xu J, Jiang G, Tang J, Xu X. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22177747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Airborne concentrations of metals and total dust during solid catalyst loading and unloading operations at a petroleum refinery. Lewis RC, Gaffney SH, Le MH, Unice KM, Paustenbach DJ. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22177528 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Simultaneous Synthesis of Both Rings of Chromenes via a Benzannulation/o-Quinone Methide Formation/Electrocyclization Cascade. Majumdar N, Korthals KA, Wulff WD. J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Dec 16. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22176537 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Recent Research & Development for Zirconium

  • Elution behavior of polyethylene and polypropylene standards on carbon sorbents. Chitta R, Macko T, Brüll R, Kalies G. J Chromatogr A. 2010 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21035809 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations

  • Effect of Cyclic Impact Load on Shear Bond Strength of Zirconium Dioxide Ceramics. Kawai N, Shinya A, Yokoyama D, Gomi H, Shinya A. J Adhes Dent. 2010 Sep 28. doi: 10.3290/j.jad.a19471. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20978648 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations

  • Differences in metal ion release following cobalt-chromium and oxidized zirconium total knee arthroplasty. Garrett S, Jacobs N, Yates P, Smith A, Wood D. Acta Orthop Belg. 2010 Aug;76(4):513-20.PMID: 20973359 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations

  • DNA binding studies of new valine derived chiral complexes of tin(IV) and zirconium(IV). Arjmand F, Jamsheera A. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2010 Jun 12. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20965776 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations

  • Influence of counter-ions on the self-assembly of ZrO(2) nanodisks. Ji H, Liu X, Wang X, Yao X. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Jan 15;353(2):356-62. Epub 2010 Oct 16.PMID: 20951993 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

  • The interaction of osteoblasts with bone-implant materials: 1. the effect of physico-chemical surface properties of implant materials. Kubies D, Himmlová L, Riedel T, Tresohlavá E, Balík K, Douderová M, Bártová J, Pesáková V. Physiol Res. 2010 Oct 15. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20945966 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Free ArticleRelated citations

  • Fracture resistance of endodontically-treated teeth: effect of combination bleaching and an antioxidant. Khoroushi M, Feiz A, Khodamoradi R. Oper Dent. 2010 Sep-Oct;35(5):530-7.PMID: 20945744 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations

  • Mechanism of catalytic cyclohydroamination by zirconium salicyloxazoline complexes. Allan LE, Clarkson GJ, Fox DJ, Gott AL, Scott P. J Am Chem Soc. 2010 Nov 3;132(43):15308-20.PMID: 20939579 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

  • Antibacterial properties of nine pure metals: a laboratory study using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Yasuyuki M, Kunihiro K, Kurissery S, Kanavillil N, Sato Y, Kikuchi Y. Biofouling. 2010 Oct;26(7):851-8.PMID: 20938849 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

  • One-Pot Preparation and Uranyl Adsorption Properties of Hierarchically Porous Zirconium Titanium Oxide Beads using Phase Separation Processes to Vary Macropore Morphology. Drisko GL, Chee Kimling M, Scales N, Ide A, Sizgek E, Caruso RA, Luca V. Langmuir. 2010 Nov 16;26(22):17581-8. Epub 2010 Oct 11.PMID: 20936801 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

  • Renewable high-octane gasoline by aqueous-phase hydrodeoxygenation of C5 and C6 carbohydrates over Pt/Zirconium phosphate catalysts. Li N, Tompsett GA, Huber GW. ChemSusChem. 2010 Oct 25;3(10):1154-7. No abstract available. PMID: 20936668 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

  • Can the method of fixation influence the wear behaviour of ZrN coated unicompartmental mobile knee prostheses? Affatato S, Spinelli M, Lopomo N, Grupp TM, Marcacci M, Toni A. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2010 Oct 7. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20934240 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations

  • Measurement of dissolved reactive phosphorus using the diffusive gradients in thin films technique with a high-capacity binding phase. Ding S, Xu D, Sun Q, Yin H, Zhang C. Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Nov 1;44(21):8169-74.PMID: 20886846 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

  • Raman microspectroscopy of organic inclusions in spodumenes from Nilaw (Nuristan, Afghanistan). Weselucha-Birczynska A, Slowakiewicz M, Natkaniec-Nowak L, Proniewicz LM. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2010 Sep 28. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20884283 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations

  • Effect of thermocycling on the bond strength between dual-cured resin cements and zirconium-oxide ceramics. D'Amario M, Campidoglio M, Morresi AL, Luciani L, Marchetti E, Baldi M. J Oral Sci. 2010;52(3):425-30.PMID: 20881336 [PubMed - in process]Free ArticleRelated citations

  • Surface damages of zirconia by Nd:YAG dental laser irradiation. Noda M, Okuda Y, Tsuruki J, Minesaki Y, Takenouchi Y, Ban S. Dent Mater J. 2010 Oct 14;29(5):536-41. Epub 2010 Sep 18.PMID: 20877130 [PubMed - in process]Free ArticleRelated citations

  • Conjunctive and compromised data fusion schemes for identification of multiple notches in an aluminium plate using Lamb wave signals. Lu Y, Ye L, Wang D, Wang X, Su Z. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2010 Sep;57(9):2005-16.PMID: 20875990 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

  • A new smile for Judy: a multimaterial approach. Nash RW. Dent Today. 2010 Aug;29(8):92, 94. No abstract available. PMID: 20873651 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations

  • Matched-pair total knee arthroplasty retrieval analysis: Oxidized zirconium vs. CoCrMo. Heyse TJ, Chen DX, Kelly N, Boettner F, Wright TM, Haas SB. Knee. 2010 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20869251 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]Related citations

  • Surface modification of chromatography adsorbents by low temperature low pressure plasma. Arpanaei A, Winther-Jensen B, Theodosiou E, Kingshott P, Hobley TJ, Thomas OR. J Chromatogr A. 2010 Oct 29;1217(44):6905-16. Epub 2010 Sep 23.PMID: 20869062 [PubMed - in process]Related citations

 

Recent Research & Development for Alloys

  • Tailoring nanostructured, graded, and particle-reinforced Al laminates by accumulative roll bonding. Göken M, Höppel HW. Adv Mater. 2011 Jun 17;23(22-23):2663-8. PMID: 21823248 [PubMed - in process]

  • Highly monodisperse core-shell particles created by solid-state reactions. Radmilovic V, Ophus C, Marquis EA, Rossell MD, Tolley A, Gautam A, Asta M, Dahmen U. Nat Mater. 2011 Aug 7. doi: 10.1038/nmat3077. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21822262 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Aerosol Deposition of Hydroxyapatite and 4-Hexylresorcinol Coatings on Titanium Alloys for Dental Implants. Kim SG, Hahn BD, Park DS, Lee YC, Choi EJ, Chae WS, Baek DH, Choi JY. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21821331 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Progress in the Removal of Di-[2-Ethylhexyl]-Phthalate as Plasticizer in Blood Bags. Simmchen J, Ventura R, Segura J. Transfus Med Rev. 2011 Aug 4. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21820855 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Antibacterial effect of silver-platinum coating for orthodontic appliances. Ryu HS, Bae IH, Lee KG, Hwang HS, Lee KH, Koh JT, Cho JH. Angle Orthod. 2011 Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21810004 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Influence of metal alloy and the profile of coronary stents in patients with multivessel coronary disease. Abreu Filho LM, Forte AA, Sumita MK, Favarato D, Meireles GC. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(6):985-9. PMID: 21808863 [PubMed - in process]

  • A combined arc-melting and tilt-casting furnace for the manufacture of high-purity bulk metallic glass materials. Soinila E, Pihlajama¨ki T, Bossuyt S, Ha¨nninen H. Rev Sci Instrum. 2011 Jul;82(7):073901. PMID: 21806193 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Waste-recycling Monte Carlo with optimal estimates: Application to free energy calculations in alloys. Adjanor G, Athe`nes M, Rodgers JM. J Chem Phys. 2011 Jul 28;135(4):044127. PMID: 21806110 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Role of electronic excitation in the amorphization of ge-sb-te alloys. Li XB, Liu XQ, Liu X, Han D, Zhang Z, Han XD, Sun HB, Zhang SB. Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Jul 1;107(1):015501. Epub 2011 Jun 29. PMID: 21797549 [PubMed - in process]

  • Prediction of the operating point of dendrites growing under coupled thermosolutal control at high growth velocity. Mullis AM. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2011 Jun;83(6-1):061601. Epub 2011 Jun 2. PMID: 21797374 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Metal Anion-Alkyl Ammonium Complexes as Direct Write Precursors to Produce Nanopatterns of Metals, Nitrides, Oxides, Sulfides, And Alloys. Radha B, Kiruthika S, Kulkarni GU. J Am Chem Soc. 2011 Jul 26. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21790160 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Characteristics of InGaN-based concentrator solar cells operating under 150X solar concentration. Yang CC, Jang CH, Sheu JK, Lee ML, Tu SJ, Huang FW, Yeh YH, Lai WC. Opt Express. 2011 Jul 4;19 Suppl 4:A695-700. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.00A695. PMID: 21747536 [PubMed - in process]

  • Determination of the magnetic ground state in the martensite phase of Ni-Mn-Z (Z = In, Sn and Sb) off-stoichiometric Heusler alloys by nonlinear AC susceptibility. Umetsu RY, Fujita A, Ito W, Kanomata T, Kainuma R. J Phys Condens Matter. 2011 Aug 17;23(32):326001. Epub 2011 Jul 25. PMID: 21785185 [PubMed - in process]

  • Effects of phase constitution on magnetic susceptibility and mechanical properties of Zr-rich Zr-Mo alloys. Suyalatu, Kondo R, Tsutsumi Y, Doi H, Nomura N, Hanawa T. Acta Biomater. 2011 Jul 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21784180 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Bioactive glass microspheres as osteopromotive inlays in macrotextured surfaces of Ti and CoCr alloy bone implants: Trapezoidal surface grooves without inlay most efficient in resisting torsional forces. Keränen P, Moritz N, Alm JJ, Ylänen H, Kommonen B, Aro HT. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2011 Oct;4(7):1483-91. Epub 2011 May 30. PMID: 21783158 [PubMed - in process]

  • Effect of the combination of dithiooctanoate monomers and acidic adhesive monomers on adhesion to precious metals, precious metal alloys and non-precious metal alloys. Ikemura K, Kojima K, Endo T, Kadoma Y. Dent Mater J. 2011 Jul 28;30(4):469-77. Epub 2011 Jul 21. PMID: 21778614 [PubMed - in process]

  • Nanoporous PtAg and PtCu alloys with hollow ligaments for enhanced electrocatalysis and glucose biosensing. Xu C, Liu Y, Su F, Liu A, Qiu H. Biosens Bioelectron. 2011 Sep 15;27(1):160-6. Epub 2011 Jul 7. PMID: 21778046 [PubMed - in process]

  • Pt/Cr and Pt/Ni catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction: to alloy or not to alloy? Escaño MC, Gyenge E, Nakanishi H, Kasai H. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Apr;11(4):2944-51. PMID: 21776658 [PubMed - in process]

  • In vitro evaluation of the electrochemical behaviour of stainless steel and Ni-Ti orthodontic archwires at different temperatures. Pakshir M, Bagheri T, Kazemi MR. Eur J Orthod. 2011 Jul 19. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21771804 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Multifrequency atomic force microscopy: compositional imaging with electrostatic force measurements. Magonov S, Alexander J. Microsc Microanal. 2011 Aug;17(4):587-97. Epub 2011 Jul 19. PMID: 21771386 [PubMed - in process]

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