Lanthanum carbonate - a new phosphate binding drug in advanced renal failure.

Title	Lanthanum carbonate - a new phosphate binding drug in advanced renal failure.
Authors	J. Aaseth; A.L. Bjørke-Monsen
Journal	Curr Med Chem
DOI	10.2174/0929867324666170509125840
Abstract	Lanthanum (La) is considered to be a non-essential element. La has been used for several decades in China to improve yield in plant production and has also been shown to have significant performance enhancing effects in feeding trials on animal husbandry. The estimated dietary intake of La in humans is below 150 µg, which is lower than 10% of the estimated limit of safe and acceptable daily intake. Upon ingestion of La as carbonate the lanthanum ion (La3+) is released in the stomach and traps dietary phosphate as insoluble lanthanum phosphate complexes in the gut, thereby inhibiting phosphate absorption. Lanthanum carbonate as a drug to lower serum phosphate in end-stage kidney failure was approved for human use by the US FDA in 2004 and by the EU in 2006. When used to treat patients with advanced renal insufficiency, lanthanum carbonate is administered orallyat a dose of maximally 3000 mg per day. The uptake of lanthanum ions from the gut to the circulation is negligible. And few systemic side effects have been recorded upon the use of lanthanum carbonate as a phosphate binding drug, although gastrointestinal discomfort with pain, vomiting and diarrhea may occur. Lanthanum carbonate has the potential to chelate to drugs with anionic groups and therapeutic coadministration with lanthanum carbonate may reduce the bioavailibility of drugs like tetracyclines, quinolones and levothyroxine.
Citation	J. Aaseth; A.L. Bjørke-Monsen.Lanthanum carbonate - a new phosphate binding drug in advanced renal failure.. Curr Med Chem. 2017. doi:10.2174/0929867324666170509125840

Related Elements

Lanthanum

57 La 138.905470000 Lanthanum

See more Lanthanum products. Lanthanum (atomic symbol: La, atomic number: 57) is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element with an atomic weight of 138.90547. Lanthanum Bohr Model The number of electrons in each of lanthanum's shells is [2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2] and its electron configuration is [Xe] 5d¹ 6s². The lanthanum atom has a radius of 187 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 240 pm. Lanthanum was first discovered by Carl Mosander in 1838. In its elemental form, lanthanum has a silvery white appearance. Elemental Lanthanum It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal that oxidizes easily in air. Lanthanum is the first element in the rare earth or lanthanide series. It is the model for all the other trivalent rare earths and it is the second most abundant of the rare earths after cerium. Lanthanum is found in minerals such as monazite and bastnasite. The name lanthanum originates from the Greek word Lanthaneia, which means 'to lie hidden'.

Phosphorus

15 P 30.973762000 Phosphorus

See more Phosphorus products. Phosphorus (atomic symbol: P, atomic number: 15) is a Block P, Group 15, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Phosphorus's shells is 2, 8, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s² 3p³. The phosphorus atom has a radius of 110.5.pm and its Van der Waals radius is 180.pm. Phosphorus is a highly-reactive non-metallic element (sometimes considered a metalloid) with two primary allotropes, white phosphorus and red phosphorus its black flaky appearance is similar to graphitic carbon. Compound forms of phosphorus include phosphates and phosphides. Phosphorous was first recognized as an element by Hennig Brand in 1669 its name (phosphorus mirabilis, or "bearer of light") was inspired from the brilliant glow emitted by its distillation.