Aluminum Antimonideis a crystalline solid used as a semiconductor and in photo optic applications.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Aluminum is a Block P, Group 13, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Aluminum's shells is 2, 8, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. In its elemental form aluminum's CAS number is 7429-90-5. The aluminum atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Aluminum is not known to be harmful but ingestion may cause Alzheimer's disease.Aluminum is a silvery-white metal that possesses many desirable characteristics. It is light, nonmagnetic and nonsparking.
It stands second among metals in the scale of malleability, and sixth in ductility. It is extensively used in many industrial applications where a strong, light, easily constructed material is needed. Although it's electrical conductivity is only about 60% that of copper, it is used in electrical transmission lines because of its light weight. Pure aluminum is soft and lacks strength, but alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties. These alloys are of vital importance in the construction of modern aircraft and rockets. Aluminum, evaporated in a vacuum, forms a highly reflective coating for both visible light and radiant heat. They are used to coat telescope mirrors. Aluminum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. See Aluminum research below.
Antimony is a Block P, Group 15, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Antimony's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3. In its elemental form antimony's CAS number is 7440-36-0. The antimony atom has a radius of 145.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. The chemical state of antimony affects the toxicity of the element and its compounds. Antimony is finding use in semiconductor technology for making infrared detectors, diodes and Hall-effect devices in crystalline structures, such as antimony telluride and gallium antimonide. Antimony is however a poor conductor of heat and electricity. It greatly increases the hardness and mechanical strength of lead. This has found applications in batteries, antifriction alloys, small arms and tracer bullets and cable sheathing. Antimony compounds are used in manufacturing flame-proofing compounds, paints, ceramic enamels, glass, and pottery glazes. Antimony is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. See Antimony research below.
American Elements semi conducting materials are crystal structures produced from ultra high purity starting materials synthesized by our high purity production facility which includes several large electric muffle furnaces, a tube furnace for hydrogen reduction, 50 gallon glass-lined Pfaudler reactors supported by our analytical laboratory containing X-ray diffraction, SEM, AA, BET surface area, and ICP Spectrometry for trace metals analysis. See a discussion of American Elements Ultra High Purity and Analytical capabilities. See Crystal Growth for processes used to fabricate semiconductor materials, which include:
Crystal "pulling" by the Czochaiski method for production of semiconductor materials
Flux growth and gradient freeze
Directional solidification of fluorites using both the Bridgman-Stockbarger and float zoning techniques
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
Characterisation of optically stimulated luminescence dosemeters to measure organ doses in diagnostic radiology.
Endo A, Katoh T, Kobayashi I, Joshi R, Sur J, Okano T.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2011 Nov 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22116136
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Metal recovery from high-grade WEEE: A life cycle assessment.
Bigum M, Brogaard L, Christensen TH.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Oct 17. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22115841
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Protein interactions with nanosized hydrotalcites of different composition.
Bellezza F, Alberani A, Posati T, Tarpani L, Latterini L, Cipiciani A.
J Inorg Biochem. 2011 Oct 8;106(1):134-142. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22115829
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Neurobehavioral toxic effects of perinatal oral exposure to aluminum on the developmental motor reflexes, learning, memory and brain neurotransmitters of mice offspring.
Abu-Taweel GM, Ajarem JS, Ahmad M.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2011 Nov 13. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22115621
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Lithium-Ion Conducting Electrolyte Salts for Lithium Batteries.
Aravindan V, Gnanaraj J, Madhavi S, Liu HK.
Chemistry. 2011 Nov 24. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101486. [Epub ahead of print]
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22114046
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Contact fatigue response of porcelain-veneered alumina model systems.
Stappert CF, Baldassarri M, Zhang Y, Stappert D, Thompson VP.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2011 Nov 24. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.31977. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22113973
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Influence of formulation pH and suspension state on freezing-induced agglomeration of aluminum adjuvants.
Salnikova MS, Davis H, Mensch C, Celano L, Thiriot DS.
J Pharm Sci. 2011 Nov 23. doi: 10.1002/jps.22815. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22113733
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Evidence of foliar aluminium accumulation in local, regional and global datasets of wild plants.
Metali F, Salim KA, Burslem DF.
New Phytol. 2011 Nov 23. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03965.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22111583
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Turning aluminium into a noble-metal-like catalyst for low-temperature activation of molecular hydrogen.
Chopra IS, Chaudhuri S, Veyan JF, Chabal YJ.
Nat Mater. 2011 Nov 23;10(12):986. doi: 10.1038/nmat3174. No abstract available.
PMID:
22109610
[PubMed - in process]
Fabrication of a dual-layer aluminum nanowires polarization filter array.
Gruev V.
Opt Express. 2011 Nov 21;19(24):24361-9. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.024361.
PMID:
22109463
[PubMed - in process]
Image-quality perception as a function of dose in digital radiography.
Lehnert T, Naguib NN, Korkusuz H, Bauer RW, Kerl JM, Mack MG, Vogl TJ.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Dec;197(6):1399-403.
PMID:
22109295
[PubMed - in process]
Highly sensitive nano-porous lattice biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance and interference.
Yeom SH, Kim OG, Kang BH, Kim KJ, Yuan H, Kwon DH, Kim HR, Kang SW.
Opt Express. 2011 Nov 7;19(23):22882-91. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.022882.
PMID:
22109166
[PubMed - in process]
Regulatory role of zinc during aluminium-induced altered carbohydrate metabolism in rat brain.
Singla N, Dhawan DK.
J Neurosci Res. 2011 Nov 23. doi: 10.1002/jnr.22790. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22108899
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Three-shell-based lens barrel for the effective athermalization of an IR optical system.
Yang HS, Kihm H, Moon IK, Jung GJ, Choi SC, Lee KJ, Hwang HY, Kim SW, Lee YW.
Appl Opt. 2011 Nov 20;50(33):6206-13. doi: 10.1364/AO.50.006206.
PMID:
22108878
[PubMed - in process]
Influences of heat seal lacquer thickness on the quality of blister packages.
Mühlfeld L, Langguth P, Häusler H, Hagels H.
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2011 Nov 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22108348
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Efficient extraction of vaccines formulated in aluminum hydroxide gel by including surfactants in the extraction buffer.
Zhu D, Huang S, McClellan H, Dai W, Syed NR, Gebregeorgis E, Mullen GE, Long C, Martin LB, Narum D, Duffy P, Miller LH, Saul A.
Vaccine. 2011 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22107848
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electronic structure investigation of highly compressed aluminum with k edge absorption spectroscopy.
Benuzzi-Mounaix A, Dorchies F, Recoules V, Festa F, Peyrusse O, Levy A, Ravasio A, Hall T, Koenig M, Amadou N, Brambrink E, Mazevet S.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Oct 14;107(16):165006. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
PMID:
22107398
[PubMed - in process]
Short-time electron dynamics in aluminum excited by femtosecond extreme ultraviolet radiation.
Medvedev N, Zastrau U, Förster E, Gericke DO, Rethfeld B.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Oct 14;107(16):165003. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
PMID:
22107395
[PubMed - in process]
Nanoporous Polymeric Nanofibers Based on Selectively Etched PS-b-PDMS Block Copolymers.
Birlik Demirel G, Buyukserin F, Morris MA, Demirel G.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011 Nov 22. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22107361
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Low bias electron scattering in structure-identified single wall carbon nanotubes: role of substrate polar phonons.
Chandra B, Perebeinos V, Berciaud S, Katoch J, Ishigami M, Kim P, Heinz TF, Hone J.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Sep 30;107(14):146601. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
PMID:
22107221
[PubMed - in process]
Synthesis of four different antimony(III) O,O'-dialkyldithiophosphates: Characterization by (31)P CP/MAS NMR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and adsorption at a stibnite surface (Sb(2)S(3)).
Larsson AC, Ivanov MA, Gerasimenko AV, Ivanov AV.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22115160
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Sensing of Aqueous Fluoride Anions by Cationic Stibine-Palladium Complexes.
Wade CR, Ke IS, Gabbaï FP.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Nov 24. doi: 10.1002/anie.201106242. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22113959
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Electrical characterization of n/p-type nickel silicide/silicon junctions by Sb segregation.
Jun M, Park Y, Hyun Y, Choi SJ, Zyung T, Jang M.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Aug;11(8):7339-42.
PMID:
22103191
[PubMed - in process]
Hydride generation in-atomizer collection atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of antimony in acetic acid leachates from pewter cups.
Dessuy MB, Kratzer J, Vale MG, Welz B, Dedina J.
Talanta. 2011 Dec 15;87:255-61. Epub 2011 Oct 17.
PMID:
22099676
[PubMed - in process]
Electrical and optical performance of transparent conducting oxide films deposited by electrostatic spray assisted vapour deposition.
Hou X, Choy KL, Liu JP.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Sep;11(9):8114-9.
PMID:
22097539
[PubMed - in process]
Biomolecule-assisted green route to Sb2S3 crystals with three-dimensional dandelionlike patterns.
Xiang W, Ji G, Wei J, Yang Y, Yuan H, Liu X.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2011 Sep;11(9):7820-32.
PMID:
22097493
[PubMed - in process]
Use of antimony in the treatment of leishmaniasis: current status and future directions.
Haldar AK, Sen P, Roy S.
Mol Biol Int. 2011;2011:571242. Epub 2011 Jun 8.
PMID:
22091408
[PubMed - in process]
Comparison between one day and two days protocols for sentinel node mapping of breast cancer patients.
Ali J, Alireza R, Mostafa M, Naser FM, Bahram M, Ramin S.
Hell J Nucl Med. 2011 Sep;14(3):313-5.
PMID:
22087458
[PubMed - in process]
Identification of Gunshot Residues in Fabric Targets Using Sector Field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Technique and Ternary Graphs*
Freitas JC, Sarkis JE, Neto ON, Viebig SB.
J Forensic Sci. 2011 Nov 10. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01956.x. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22074259
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
MAP Kinase1 of Leishmania Donovani: Down Regulation Associates With Antimony Resistance in Field Isolates.
Ashutosh, Garg M, Sundar S, Duncan R, Nakhasi HL, Goyal N.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Nov 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22064540
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Use of carbon nanotubes and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of very low amounts of arsenic and antimony in waters.
López-García I, Rivas RE, Hernández-Córdoba M.
Talanta. 2011 Oct 30;86:52-7. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
PMID:
22063510
[PubMed - in process]
Frequency of use controls chemical leaching from drinking-water containers subject to disinfection.
Andra SS, Makris KC, Shine JP.
Water Res. 2011 Dec 15;45(20):6677-87. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
PMID:
22040714
[PubMed - in process]
Antimony leaching from MSWI bottom ash: Modelling of the effect of pH and carbonation.
Cornelis G, Gerven TV, Vandecasteele C.
Waste Manag. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22035902
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Discovery of Safe and Orally Effective 4-Aminoquinaldine Analogues as Apoptotic Inducers with Activity against Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis.
Palit P, Hazra A, Maity A, Vijayan RS, Manoharan P, Banerjee S, Mondal NB, Ghoshal N, Ali N.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Oct 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22024817
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Bone marrow leishmaniasis: a review of situation in Thailand.
Wiwanitkit V.
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011 Oct;4(10):757-9.
PMID:
22014727
[PubMed - in process]
Spectroelectrochemistry of cytochrome c and azurin immobilized in nanoporous antimony-doped tin oxide.
Kwan P, Schmitt D, Volosin AM, McIntosh CL, Seo DK, Jones AK.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Dec 7;47(45):12367-9. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
PMID:
22011849
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Structural diversity for phosphine complexes of stibenium and stibinidenium cations.
Chitnis SS, Peters B, Conrad E, Burford N, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Nov 8;47(45):12331-3. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
PMID:
22011846
[PubMed - in process]
Pressure-induced disordered substitution alloy in sb(2)te(3).
Zhao J, Liu H, Ehm L, Chen Z, Sinogeikin S, Zhao Y, Gu G.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Nov 21;50(22):11291-3. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
PMID:
22007692
[PubMed - in process]
Electrospun antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanofibers as a versatile conducting matrix.
Ostermann R, Zieba R, Rudolph M, Schlettwein D, Smarsly BM.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Nov 28;47(44):12119-21. Epub 2011 Oct 14.
PMID:
22003493
[PubMed - in process]
Multi-metal(loid) methylation in methanoarchaea is linked to central intermediates of methanogenesis.
Thomas F, Diaz-Bone RA, Wuerfel O, Huber B, Weidenbach K, Schmitz RA, Hensel R.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22003009
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Aluminum Antimonide is a crystalline solid used as a semiconductor and in photo optic applications.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Aluminum is a Block P, Group 13, Period 3 element. The number of electrons in each of Aluminum's shells is 2, 8, 3 and its electronic configuration is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. In its elemental form aluminum's CAS number is 7429-90-5. The aluminum atom has a radius of 143.2.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. Aluminum is not known to be harmful but ingestion may cause Alzheimer's disease.Aluminum is a silvery-white metal that possesses many desirable characteristics. It is light, nonmagnetic and nonsparking.
It stands second among metals in the scale of malleability, and sixth in ductility. It is extensively used in many
industrial applications where a strong, light, easily constructed material is needed. Although it's electrical conductivity is only about 60% that of copper, it is used in electrical transmission 
lines because of its light weight. Pure aluminum is soft and lacks strength, but alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties. These alloys are of vital importance in the construction of modern aircraft and rockets. Aluminum, evaporated in a vacuum, forms a highly reflective coating for both visible light and radiant heat. They are used to coat telescope mirrors. Aluminum is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. See Aluminum research below. 
Antimony is a Block P, Group 15, Period 5 element. The number of electrons in each of Antimony's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 5 and its electronic configuration is [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3. In its elemental form antimony's CAS number is 7440-36-0. The antimony atom has a radius of 145.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. The chemical state of antimony affects the toxicity of the element and its
compounds. Antimony is finding use in semiconductor technology for making infrared detectors, diodes and Hall-effect devices in crystalline structures, such as antimony telluride and gallium antimonide. Antimony is however a poor conductor of heat and electricity. It greatly increases the hardness and mechanical strength of lead.
This has found applications in batteries, antifriction alloys, small arms and tracer bullets and cable sheathing. Antimony compounds are used in manufacturing flame-proofing compounds, paints, ceramic enamels, glass, and pottery glazes. Antimony is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. See Antimony research below.
