Rhenium Oxide (ReO2) Nanopowder or Nanoparticles, nanodots or nanocrystals are ferric and ferrous spherical or faceted high surface area oxide magnetic nanostructure particles. Nanoscale Rhenium Oxide Particles are typically 20-80 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 10 - 50 m 2 /g range and also available in with an average particle size of 100 nm range with a specific surface area of approximately 7- 10 m 2 /g. Nano Rhenium Oxide Particles are also available in ultra high purity and high purity, transparent, and coated and dispersed forms. They are also available as a nanofluid through the AE Nanofluid production group. Nanofluids are generally defined as suspended nanoparticles in solution either using surfactant or surface charge technology. Nanofluid dispersion and coating selection technical guidance is also available. Other nanostructures include nanorods, nanowhiskers, nanohorns, nanopyramids and other nanocomposites. Surface functionalized nanoparticles allow for the particles to be preferentially adsorbed at the surface interface using chemically bound polymers. Development research is underway in Nano Electronics and Photonics materials, such as MEMS and NEMS, Bio Nano Materials, such as Biomarkers, Bio Diagnostics & Bio Sensors, and Related Nano Materials, for use in Polymers, Textiles, Fuel Cell Layers, Composites and Solar Energy materials. Nanopowders are analyzed for chemical composition by ICP, particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction, and for Specific Surface Area (SSA) by BET multi-point correlation techniques. Novel nanotechnology applications also include Quantum Dots. High surface areas can also be achieved using solutions and using thin film by sputtering targets and evaporation technology using pellets, rod and foil.. Rhenium Oxide Nano Particles are generally immediately available in most volumes.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Rhenium is a Block D, Group 7, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2. In its elemental form rhenium's CAS number is 7440-15-5. The rhenium atom has a radius of 137.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. The toxicity of Rhenium has not yet been established . Rhenium is the fourth densest element exceeded only by that of platinum, iridium, and osmium . It has the second highest melting point exceeded only by tungsten and carbon . Rhenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Because of this, thermocouples made of Tungsten/Rhenium alloy is are used when temperatures will rise to 2000 C and rhenium wire is used in photoflash lamps for photography. It is widely used as filaments for mass spectrographs and ion gauges. Rhenium was first discovered by Walter Noddack in 1925 in the Rhine region of Germany. The name Rhenium originates from the Latin word 'Rhenus' meaning "Rhine" after the place of discovery. See Rhenium research below.
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR BULK & RESEARCH QUANTITIES
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Shipping documentation includes a Certificate of Analysis and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes.
pH-driven dynamic stereoinduction: epimerization upon dimerization in rhenium(i) complexes.
Alvarez CM, Carrillo R, García-Rodríguez R, Miguel D.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21983699
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
N-Heterocyclic carbenes as p*-acceptors in luminescent Re(i) triscarbonyl complexes.
Casson LA, Muzzioli S, Raiteri P, Skelton BW, Stagni S, Massi M, Brown DH.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21983680
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Melanin-Binding Decapeptide 4B4 Radiolabeled with (177)Lu, (166)Ho, and (153)Sm Radiolanthanides for the Purpose of Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Melanoma.
Ballard B, Jiang Z, Soll CE, Revskaya E, Cutler CS, Dadachova E, Francesconi LC.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2011 Oct;26(5):547-56. Epub 2011 Oct 4.
PMID:
21970319
[PubMed - in process]
Efficacy of radiosynovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis.
Liepe K.
Rheumatol Int. 2011 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21964982
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Biological dosimetry after radiosynoviorthesis with rhenium-186 sulphide and erbium-169 citrate.
Klett R, Schnurbus-Duhs A, Mödder G, Schmid E, Voth M.
Nuklearmedizin. 2011 Sep 20;50(6). [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21931934
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Observation of inductive effects that cause a change in the rate-determining step for the conversion of rhenium azides to imido complexes.
Travia NE, Xu Z, Keith JM, Ison EA, Fanwick PE, Hall MB, Abu-Omar MM.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Oct 17;50(20):10505-14. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
PMID:
21905647
[PubMed - in process]
Influence of the metal center and linker on the intracellular distribution and biological activity of organometal-peptide conjugates.
Hu W, Splith K, Neundorf I, Merz K, Schatzschneider U.
J Biol Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21898043
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Complexes in context: Attempting to control the cellular uptake and localisation of rhenium fac-tricarbonyl polypyridyl complexes.
Balasingham RG, Coogan MP, Thorp-Greenwood FL.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 6. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21897946
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Luminescent rhenium(i) polypyridine fluorous complexes as novel trifunctional biological probes.
Louie MW, Fong TT, Lo KK.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Oct 3;50(19):9465-71. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
PMID:
21894912
[PubMed - in process]
Rhenium-catalyzed allylation of C-H bonds of benzoic and acrylic acids.
Kuninobu Y, Ohta K, Takai K.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Sep 20;47(38):10791-3. Epub 2011 Sep 5.
PMID:
21892483
[PubMed - in process]
[Influence of antitumor system rhenium-platinum on biochemical state of the liver].
Ivchuk VV, Polishko TM, Golichenko OA, Shtemenko OV, Shtemenko NI.
Ukr Biokhim Zh. 2011 May-Jun;83(3):76-84. Ukrainian.
PMID:
21888057
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Synthesis and Preliminary Bioevaluation of (99m)Tc(CO)(3)-17a-Triazolylandrost-4-Ene-3-One Derivative Prepared via Click Chemistry Route.
Dhyani MV, Satpati D, Korde A, Banerjee S.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2011 Oct;26(5):539-45. Epub 2011 Sep 1.
PMID:
21883014
[PubMed - in process]
17 e(-) rhenium dicarbonyl CO-releasing molecules on a cobalamin scaffold for biological application.
Zobi F, Blacque O, Jacobs RA, Schaub MC, Bogdanova AY.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
21881676
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Luminescent rhenium(i) complexes with acetylamino- and trifluoroacetylamino-containing phenanthroline ligands: Anion-sensing study.
Ng CO, Lai SW, Feng H, Yiu SM, Ko CC.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Sep 27;40(39):10020-8. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
PMID:
21879085
[PubMed - in process]
Reactions of the inner surface of carbon nanotubes and nanoprotrusion processes imaged at the atomic scale.
Chamberlain TW, Meyer JC, Biskupek J, Leschner J, Santana A, Besley NA, Bichoutskaia E, Kaiser U, Khlobystov AN.
Nat Chem. 2011 Aug 14;3(9):732-7. doi: 10.1038/nchem.1115.
PMID:
21860464
[PubMed - in process]
Rhenium ethoxy- and hydroxycarbene complexes with thiophene substituents.
Lotz S, Landman M, Olivier AJ, Bezuidenhout DI, Liles DC, Palmer ER.
Dalton Trans. 2011 Oct 7;40(37):9394-403. Epub 2011 Aug 15.
PMID:
21842102
[PubMed - in process]
Chemoradionuclide therapy with (186)re-labeled liposomal Doxorubicin: toxicity, dosimetry, and therapeutic response.
Soundararajan A, Bao A, Phillips WT, McManus LM, Goins BA.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2011 Oct;26(5):603-14. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
PMID:
21834653
[PubMed - in process]
Two different hydrogen bond donor ligands together: a selectivity improvement in organometallic {Re(CO)3} anion hosts.
Ion L, Nieto S, Pérez J, Riera L, Riera V, Díaz J, López R, Anderson KM, Steed JW.
Inorg Chem. 2011 Sep 5;50(17):8524-31. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
PMID:
21834508
[PubMed - in process]
A young source for the Hawaiian plume.
Sobolev AV, Hofmann AW, Jochum KP, Kuzmin DV, Stoll B.
Nature. 2011 Aug 10;476(7361):434-7. doi: 10.1038/nature10321.
PMID:
21832996
[PubMed]
Precursor-directed assembly of complex oxide nanobeads: the role of strongly coordinated inorganic anions.
Nikonova OA, Nedelec JM, Kessler VG, Seisenbaeva GA.
Langmuir. 2011 Sep 20;27(18):11622-8. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
PMID:
21830800
[PubMed - in process]
Rhenium Oxide (ReO2) Nanopowder or Nanoparticles, nanodots or nanocrystals are ferric and ferrous spherical or faceted high surface area oxide magnetic nanostructure particles. Nanoscale Rhenium Oxide Particles are typically 20-80 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 10 - 50 m 2 /g range and also available in with an average particle size of 100 nm range with a specific surface area of approximately 7- 10 m 2 /g. Nano Rhenium Oxide Particles are also available in ultra high purity and high purity, transparent, and coated and dispersed forms. They are also available as a nanofluid through the AE Nanofluid production group. Nanofluids are generally defined as suspended nanoparticles in solution either using surfactant or surface charge technology. Nanofluid dispersion and coating selection technical guidance is also available. Other nanostructures include nanorods, nanowhiskers, nanohorns, nanopyramids and other nanocomposites. Surface functionalized nanoparticles allow for the particles to be preferentially adsorbed at the surface interface using chemically bound polymers. Development research is underway in Nano Electronics and Photonics materials, such as MEMS and NEMS, Bio Nano Materials, such as Biomarkers, Bio Diagnostics & Bio Sensors, and Related Nano Materials, for use in Polymers, Textiles, Fuel Cell Layers, Composites and Solar Energy materials. Nanopowders are analyzed for chemical composition by ICP, particle size distribution (PSD) by laser diffraction, and for Specific Surface Area (SSA) by BET multi-point correlation techniques. Novel nanotechnology applications also include Quantum Dots. High surface areas can also be achieved using solutions and using thin film by sputtering targets and evaporation technology using pellets, rod and foil.. Rhenium Oxide Nano Particles are generally immediately available in most volumes.American Elements produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia)and follows applicable ASTM testing standards.Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as is a Reference Calculator for converting relevant units of measurement.
Rhenium is a Block D, Group 7, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Rhodium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2. In its elemental form rhenium's CAS number is 7440-15-5. The rhenium atom has a radius of 137.1.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm. The toxicity of Rhenium has not yet been established . Rhenium is the fourth densest element exceeded only by that of platinum, iridium, and osmium . It has the second highest melting point exceeded only by tungsten and carbon . Rhenium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Because of this, thermocouples made of Tungsten/Rhenium alloy is are used when temperatures will rise to 2000 C and rhenium wire is used in photoflash lamps for photography. It is widely used as filaments for mass spectrographs and ion gauges. Rhenium was first discovered by Walter Noddack in 1925 in the Rhine region of Germany. The name Rhenium originates from the Latin word 'Rhenus' meaning "Rhine" after the place of discovery. See Rhenium research below. 
