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Neodymium Telluride
Neodymium
Neodymium information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.

Neodymium is the most abundant of the rare earths after cerium and lanthanum. Neodymium is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder. Primary applications include lasers, glass coloring and tinting, dielectrics and, most importantly, as the fundamental basis for neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets. Neodymium has a strong absorption band centered at 580 nm, which is very close to the human eye's maximum level of sensitivity making it useful in protective lenses for welding goggles.  It is also used in CRT displays to enhance contrast between reds and greens and highly valued in glass manufacturing for its attractive purple coloring. Neodymium is included in many formulations of barium titanate, used as dielectric coatings and in multi-layer capacitors essential to electronic equipment.

Neodymium facts, including appearance, CAS #, and molecular formula and safety data, research and properties are

 

  Hydrogen                                 Helium
  Lithium Beryllium                     Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
  Sodium Magnesium                     Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
  Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Hydrogen Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
  Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
  Cesium Barium Cerium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
                                     
      Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium    
      Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawerencium    


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available for many specific states, forms and shapes on the product pages listed to the left. Elemental or metallic forms include pellets, rod, wire and granules for evaporation source material purposes. Nanoparticles and nanopowders provide ultra high surface area which nanotechnology research and recent experiments demonstrate function to create new and unique properties and benefits.

Oxides are available in forms including powders and dense pellets for such uses as optical coating and thin film applications. Oxides tend to be insoluble. Fluorides are another insoluble form for uses in which oxygen is undesirable such as metallurgy, chemical and physical vapor deposition and in some optical coatings. Neodymium is available in soluble forms including chlorides, nitrates and acetates. These compounds are also manufactured as solutions at specified stoichiometries.

Neodymium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The electronic configuration is [Xe]4f46s2. In its elemental form neodymium's CAS number is 7440-00-8. The neodymium atom has a radius of 181.4.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 181.pm.

All elemental metals, compounds and solutions may be synthesized in ultra high purity (e.g. 99.999%) for laboratory standards, advanced electronic, metallurgy and optical materials and other high technology advantages. Information is provided for stable (non-radioactive) isotopes. Organo-Metallic Neodymium compounds are soluble in organic or non-aqueous solvents. See Analytical Services for information on available certified chemical and physical analysis techniques including MS-ICP, X-Ray Diffraction, PSD and Surface Area (BET) analysis.

Neodymium was first discovered by Carl Aer von Welsbach in 1885.

French néodyme German Neodym Italian neodimio Portuguese Neodímio Spanish neodimio Swedish Neodym

Neodymium Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of Neodymium and each of its naturally occurring isotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope.

Isotope
Atomic Mass
% Abundance on Earth
Nd-142
141.908
27.13
Nd-143
142.910
12.18
Nd-144
143.910
23.80
Nd-144
144.913
8.30
Nd-146
145.913
17.19
Nd-148
147.917
5.76
Nd-150
149.921
5.64

Neodymium Safety Data. The safety data for Neodymium metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin.

Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for Neodymium (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:

1st Ionization Energy
533.09 kJ mol-1
2nd Ionization Energy
1035.30 kJ mol-1
3rd Ionization Energy
2132.34 kJ mol-1

Conductivity. As to Neodymium's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is 64 µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 1.14. The thermal conductivity of Neodymium is 16.5 W m-1 K-1.

Thermal Properties of Neodymium. The melting point and boiling point for Neodymium are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.

Heat of Fusion
7.113 kJ mol-1
Heat of Vaporization
328 kJ mol-1
Heat of Atomization
328.57 kJ mol-1



 
Formula Atomic Number Molecular Weight Electronegativity (Pauling) Density Melting Point
Boiling Point
Vanderwaals radius
Ionic radius Energy of first ionization
Nd 60 144.2 g.mol -1 1.14 7.0 g.cm-3 1024 °C 3074 °C 0.181 nm unknown) 533 kJ.mol-1

PRODUCT CATALOG U.S. Operations Submicron & Nanopowder Tolling Ultra High Purity Sputtering Target Crystal Growth Rod, Plate, Powder, etc. Foil
 
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Recent Research & Development for Neodymium

  • A novel magnetic device to prevent fecal incontinence (preliminary study). Int J Colorectal Dis. 2008 May;23(5):499-501. Epub 2008 Jan 30.

  • Prevention of Anterior Capsule Contraction by Anterior Capsule Relaxing Incisions with Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Apr 9; [Epub ahead of print]

  • New M(3)N@C(2n) Endohedral Metallofullerene Families (M=Nd, Pr, Ce; n=40-53): Expanding the Preferential Templating of the C(88) Cage and Approaching the C(96) Cage. Chemistry. 2008 Apr 9; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Treatment of laser in situ keratomileusis interface epithelial ingrowth with neodymium:yytrium-aluminum-garnet laser. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Apr;145(4):630-634. Epub 2008 Feb 1.

  • Capsular block syndrome after implantation of an accommodating intraocular lens. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008 Apr;34(4):703-6.

  • Role of Nd:YAG laser for prevention of neuroma formation: an in vivo experimental study. Lasers Med Sci. 2008 Apr;23(2):163-8. Epub 2007 May 12.

  • Super-chondritic Sm/Nd ratios in Mars, the Earth and the Moon. Nature. 2008 Mar 20;452(7185):336-9.

  • Lanthanide coordination polymers constructed from infinite rod-shaped secondary building units and flexible ligands. Chem Asian J. 2008 Mar 7;3(3):542-7.

  • Optic Edge Design as Long-term Factor for Posterior Capsular Opacification Rates. Ophthalmology. 2008 Mar 3; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Comparison of posterior capsule opacification after two different surgical methods of cataract extraction. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Mar;145(3):493-498. Epub 2008 Jan 16.

  • Spectrophotometric Determination of Plutonium in Highly Radioactive Liquid Waste Using an Internal Standardization Technique with Neodymium(III). Anal Sci. 2008 Mar;24(3):377-80.

  • Hysteroscopic myomectomy: a comprehensive review of surgical techniques. Hum Reprod Update. 2008 Mar-Apr;14(2):101-19. Epub 2007 Dec 6. Review.

  • Tuning the self-assembly of lanthanide triple stranded heterobimetallic helicates by ligand design. Dalton Trans. 2008 Feb 28;(8):1027-36. Epub 2007 Dec 4.

  • Controlled synthesis and upconverted avalanche luminescence of cerium(III) and neodymium(III) orthovanadate nanocrystals with high uniformity of size and shape. J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Feb 13;130(6):2032-40. Epub 2008 Jan 17.

  • Molecular Switching in the Near Infrared (NIR) to Visible/NIR f-f emission with a Functional-Lanthanide Complexes. J Fluoresc. 2008 Feb 12; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Neodymium, gadolinium, and terbium complexes containing hexafluoroacetylacetonate and 2,2'-bipyrimidine: structural and spectroscopic characterization. Inorg Chem. 2008 Feb 4;47(3):1030-6. Epub 2008 Jan 3.

  • Development of micromarkers with various photoluminescence colors as tracers for shadowing pursuits. Anal Sci. 2008 Feb;24(2):193-200.

  • Statistical problems caused by missing data resulting from neodymium:YAG laser capsulotomies in long-term posterior capsule opacification studies: problem identification and possible solutions. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008 Feb;34(2):268-73.

  • Application of cryotarget to laser ion source. Rev Sci Instrum. 2008 Feb;79(2 Pt 2):02B101.

  • Miniature bending manipulator for fetoscopic intrauterine laser therapy to treat twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Surg Endosc. 2008 Feb;22(2):430-5.

 

 

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