Astatine information, including Technical Data, Safety Data and its High Purity properties, research, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure, ionization energy, abundance on Earth, conductivity and thermal properties are included.
 Astatine is a Block P, Group 17, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of Astatine's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7 and its electronic configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5.
In its elemental form Astatine's CAS number is 7440-68-8. The Astatine atom has a radius of 145.pm and it's Van der Waals radius is 200.pm.
Astatine is highly radioactive.
Astatine was discovered by Emilio Gino Segrè, Dale R. Corson and K. R. MacKenzie in 1940.
 astate |
Astat |
 astato |
 Astato |
 Astato |
Astat |
Astatine Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of Astatine and each of its naturally occurring isotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope.
| Isotope |
Atomic Mass |
% Abundance on Earth |
| At-210 |
209.987131 |
- |
Astatine Safety Data. The safety data for Astatine metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin. Asatine compounds have no biological role.
Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for Astatine (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it's ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:
| 1st Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
| 2nd Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
| 3rd Ionization Energy |
- kJ mol-1 |
Conductivity. As to Astatine's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is 16.9 µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 2.1. The thermal conductivity of Astatine is 50.6 W m-1 K-1.
Thermal Properties of Astatine. The melting point and boiling point for Astatine are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.
| Heat of Fusion |
23.81 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Vaporization |
585.22 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat of Atomization |
678 kJ mol-1 |
Recent Research & Development for Astatine
Durable donor engraftment after radioimmunotherapy using alpha-emitter astatine-211-labeled anti-CD45 antibody for conditioning in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.
Chen Y, Kornblit B, Hamlin DK, Sale GE, Santos EB, Wilbur DS, Storer BE, Storb R, Sandmaier BM.
Blood. 2011 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22134165
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
In Vivo Distribution of Avidin-Conjugated MX35 and (211)At-Labeled, Biotinylated Poly-l-Lysine for Pretargeted Intraperitoneal ?-Radioimmunotherapy.
Frost SH, B Ck T, Chouin N, Jensen H, Hultborn R, Jacobsson L, Lindegren S.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2011 Nov 16. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID:
22087606
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Is Electronegativity a Useful Descriptor for the Pseudo-Alkali Metal NH(4) ?
Whiteside A, Xantheas SS, Gutowski M.
Chemistry. 2011 Nov 18;17(47):13197-205. doi: 10.1002/chem.201101949. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
PMID:
21928287
[PubMed - in process]
Preclinical assessment of strategies for enhancement of metaiodobenzylguanidine therapy of neuroendocrine tumors.
Mairs RJ, Boyd M.
Semin Nucl Med. 2011 Sep;41(5):334-44.
PMID:
21803183
[PubMed - in process]
Assessment of an effective quasirelativistic methodology designed to study astatine chemistry in aqueous solution.
Champion J, Seydou M, Sabatié-Gogova A, Renault E, Montavon G, Galland N.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011 Sep 7;13(33):14984-92. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
PMID:
21769335
[PubMed - in process]
3,7-bis(dimethylamino)-phenothiazin-5-ium chloride.
Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2011.
2011 Apr 05 [updated 2011 Apr 29].
PMID:
21542554
[PubMed]
Reagents for astatination of biomolecules. 5. Evaluation of hydrazone linkers in (211)At- and (125)I-labeled closo-decaborate(2-) conjugates of Fab' as a means of decreasing kidney retention.
Wilbur DS, Chyan MK, Hamlin DK, Nguyen H, Vessella RL.
Bioconjug Chem. 2011 Jun 15;22(6):1089-102. Epub 2011 May 5.
PMID:
21513347
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Effect of different cell cluster models on the radiobiological output for (211)At-radioimmunotherapy.
Lin H, Jing J, Xu Y.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2011 Feb;26(1):85-95.
PMID:
21355780
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Effect of cetuximab in combination with alpha-radioimmunotherapy in cultured squamous cell carcinomas.
Nestor M, Sundström M, Anniko M, Tolmachev V.
Nucl Med Biol. 2011 Jan;38(1):103-12. Epub 2010 Aug 16.
PMID:
21220133
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
RBE of a-particles from (211)At for complex DNA damage and cell survival in relation to cell cycle position.
Claesson K, Magnander K, Kahu H, Lindegren S, Hultborn R, Elmroth K.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Apr;87(4):372-84. Epub 2010 Dec 21.
PMID:
21171940
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Ionization potentials, electron affinities, resonance excitation energies, oscillator strengths, and ionic radii of element Uus (Z = 117) and astatine.
Chang Z, Li J, Dong C.
J Phys Chem A. 2010 Dec 30;114(51):13388-94. Epub 2010 Dec 8.
PMID:
21141866
[PubMed]
Evaluating 99mTc Auger electrons for targeted tumor radiotherapy by computational methods.
Tavares AA, Tavares JM.
Med Phys. 2010 Jul;37(7):3551-9.
PMID:
20831062
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Tumor cure probability during alpha-RIT of ovarian cancer with different radiation sensitivity.
Elgqvist J, Johansson BR, Partheen K, Danielsson A.
Anticancer Res. 2010 Jul;30(7):2545-51.
PMID:
20682981
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Gene expression profile of human lymphocytes exposed to (211)At alpha particles.
Turtoi A, Brown I, Schläger M, Schneeweiss FH.
Radiat Res. 2010 Aug;174(2):125-36.
PMID:
20681779
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Metalloids, soil chemistry and the environment.
Lombi E, Holm PE.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2010;679:33-44. Review.
PMID:
20666222
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Radioiodinated humanized monoclonal antibody A33.
Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2010.
2007 Sep 16 [updated 2007 Oct 22].
PMID:
20641323
[PubMed]
111In-Labeled anti-CD44v6 chimeric monoclonal antibody U36 .
Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2010.
2008 Jul 22 [updated 2008 Aug 14].
PMID:
20641254
[PubMed]
Self-quenching Alexa fluor 680 conjugated to trastuzumab.
Chopra A.
Molecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2004-2010.
2009 Mar 05 [updated 2009 Apr 06].
PMID:
20641189
[PubMed]
Cancer therapy with alpha-emitters labeled peptides.
Dadachova E.
Semin Nucl Med. 2010 May;40(3):204-8. Review. Erratum in: Semin Nucl Med. 2010 Jul;40(4):219.
PMID:
20350629
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Synthesis and analysis of 2-[211At]-L-phenylalanine and 4-[211At]-L-phenylalanine and their uptake in human glioma cell cultures in-vitro.
Meyer GJ, Walte A, Sriyapureddy SR, Grote M, Krull D, Korkmaz Z, Knapp WH.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2010 Jun;68(6):1060-5. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
PMID:
20137958
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| Formula |
Atomic Number |
Molecular Weight |
Electronegativity (Pauling) |
Density |
Melting Point |
Boiling Point |
Vanderwaals radius |
Ionic radius |
Energy of first ionization |
| At |
17 |
(210) g.mol -1 |
2.2 |
- g·cm−3 |
302 °C |
337 °C |
.200 nm |
- pm |
- kJ.mol-1 |
|
